High-frequency sampling of the 1984 spring bloom within the Mid-Atlantic Bight: Synoptic shipboard, aircraft, and in situ perspectives of the SEEP—I experiment

Vertical variations of dissolved carbohydrates in the North Yap Trench

“…Dissolved carbohydrates in the ocean were direct products of phytoplankton photosynthesis (Benner et al, 1997), and biomass of phytoplankton aff ected the distribution of concentrations of carbohydrates to some extent (Kerhervé et al, 2002;Thornton, 2014). The concentration of chl a in seawater is an important indicator of phytoplankton biomass, and its distribution refl ects the abundance and variation of phytoplankton in water (Walsh et al, 1988). In the 0-200 m euphotic layer of the Yap Trench, chl a increased from sea surface to 100 m, and then decreased with water depth.…”

Vertical variations of dissolved carbohydrates in the North Yap Trench

“…Dissolved carbohydrates in the ocean were direct products of phytoplankton photosynthesis (Benner et al, 1997), and biomass of phytoplankton aff ected the distribution of concentrations of carbohydrates to some extent (Kerhervé et al, 2002;Thornton, 2014). The concentration of chl a in seawater is an important indicator of phytoplankton biomass, and its distribution refl ects the abundance and variation of phytoplankton in water (Walsh et al, 1988). In the 0-200 m euphotic layer of the Yap Trench, chl a increased from sea surface to 100 m, and then decreased with water depth.…”

Development of a multi-sensor in situ fiber optic fluorometer. Progress report, June 1, 1992--October 31, 1994

“…In addition, the small size and flexibility in positioning of the fiber optic sensors permit fluorescence measurements t o be made with a high degree of spatial resolution and minimal interference with other sensors. This makes the instrument particularly well suited for characterizing gradients in pigment fluorescence in the benthic boundary layer, where significant lateral transport of particulate organic matter may occur (Walsh et al, 1988). Initial results from t w o separate deployments have revealed highly variable and vertically heterogeneous near-bottom pigment distributions in coastal waters of the Gulf of Mexico and the U.S. eastern inner continental shelf near Cape Hatteras.…”

“…The utility of high resolution time-series measurements of pigment distributions for characterizing transport of pigments on the northeast U.S. continental shelf has been demonstrated in several previous studies (Falkowski e t al., 1988;Walsh e t al., 1988; SEEP II papers in press). Based on moored fluorometer data as well as discrete shipboard measurements during spring of 1984, Falkowski et al (1 988) observed that phytoplankton pigments were higher in shelf waters than offshore and chlorophyll 3 Multi-sensor in Situ Fiber Optic Fluorometer USM/OOl concentrations show an increase typical of the spring bloom in this region (Malone et al, 1983).…”

“…However, observations of an accumulation of phytoplankton pigments in a near bottom nepheloid layer as the spring bloom season progressed indicated the likelihood of sinking of water column pigments t o the bottom. Furthermore, Walsh et al (1988) argued in favor of a significant seaward export of chlorophyll and carbon off the shelf with as much as 50% of this flux associated with lateral injections of near-bottom particles originating on the inner shelf. Yoder & lshimaru (1 989) cited evidence for advection of phytoplankton biomass along the bottom off the southeastern U.S. continental shelf in association with upwelling and subsequent advection of cooled upwelled water off the shelf.…”

Development of a multi-sensor in situ fiber optic fluorometer

“…recently, they have been deployed on moorings Wirick, 1983, 1986;Dickey et al, 1986;Falkowski et al, 1988;Walsh et al, 1988;Fukuchi et al, 1988;Walsh et al, 1989) and free-drifting instrumentation (Hitchcock et al, 1989). Thus far, vertical resolution in moored applications of in situ fluorometers has been achieved through deployment of multiple individual instruments• Our system would expand the effectiveness of individual strobe and detector packages by the use of multiple optical fibers to allow increased vertical resolution.…”

Vertical variations of dissolved carbohydrates in the North Yap Trench

“…Dissolved carbohydrates in the ocean were direct products of phytoplankton photosynthesis (Benner et al, 1997), and biomass of phytoplankton aff ected the distribution of concentrations of carbohydrates to some extent (Kerhervé et al, 2002;Thornton, 2014). The concentration of chl a in seawater is an important indicator of phytoplankton biomass, and its distribution refl ects the abundance and variation of phytoplankton in water (Walsh et al, 1988). In the 0-200 m euphotic layer of the Yap Trench, chl a increased from sea surface to 100 m, and then decreased with water depth.…”

Development of a multi-sensor in situ fiber optic fluorometer. Progress report, June 1, 1992--October 31, 1994

“…In addition, the small size and flexibility in positioning of the fiber optic sensors permit fluorescence measurements t o be made with a high degree of spatial resolution and minimal interference with other sensors. This makes the instrument particularly well suited for characterizing gradients in pigment fluorescence in the benthic boundary layer, where significant lateral transport of particulate organic matter may occur (Walsh et al, 1988). Initial results from t w o separate deployments have revealed highly variable and vertically heterogeneous near-bottom pigment distributions in coastal waters of the Gulf of Mexico and the U.S. eastern inner continental shelf near Cape Hatteras.…”

“…The utility of high resolution time-series measurements of pigment distributions for characterizing transport of pigments on the northeast U.S. continental shelf has been demonstrated in several previous studies (Falkowski e t al., 1988;Walsh e t al., 1988; SEEP II papers in press). Based on moored fluorometer data as well as discrete shipboard measurements during spring of 1984, Falkowski et al (1 988) observed that phytoplankton pigments were higher in shelf waters than offshore and chlorophyll 3 Multi-sensor in Situ Fiber Optic Fluorometer USM/OOl concentrations show an increase typical of the spring bloom in this region (Malone et al, 1983).…”

“…However, observations of an accumulation of phytoplankton pigments in a near bottom nepheloid layer as the spring bloom season progressed indicated the likelihood of sinking of water column pigments t o the bottom. Furthermore, Walsh et al (1988) argued in favor of a significant seaward export of chlorophyll and carbon off the shelf with as much as 50% of this flux associated with lateral injections of near-bottom particles originating on the inner shelf. Yoder & lshimaru (1 989) cited evidence for advection of phytoplankton biomass along the bottom off the southeastern U.S. continental shelf in association with upwelling and subsequent advection of cooled upwelled water off the shelf.…”

Development of a multi-sensor in situ fiber optic fluorometer

“…recently, they have been deployed on moorings Wirick, 1983, 1986;Dickey et al, 1986;Falkowski et al, 1988;Walsh et al, 1988;Fukuchi et al, 1988;Walsh et al, 1989) and free-drifting instrumentation (Hitchcock et al, 1989). Thus far, vertical resolution in moored applications of in situ fluorometers has been achieved through deployment of multiple individual instruments• Our system would expand the effectiveness of individual strobe and detector packages by the use of multiple optical fibers to allow increased vertical resolution.…”

Vertical variations of dissolved carbohydrates in the North Yap Trench

“…Dissolved carbohydrates in the ocean were direct products of phytoplankton photosynthesis (Benner et al, 1997), and biomass of phytoplankton aff ected the distribution of concentrations of carbohydrates to some extent (Kerhervé et al, 2002;Thornton, 2014). The concentration of chl a in seawater is an important indicator of phytoplankton biomass, and its distribution refl ects the abundance and variation of phytoplankton in water (Walsh et al, 1988). In the 0-200 m euphotic layer of the Yap Trench, chl a increased from sea surface to 100 m, and then decreased with water depth.…”

Development of a multi-sensor in situ fiber optic fluorometer. Progress report, June 1, 1992--October 31, 1994

“…In addition, the small size and flexibility in positioning of the fiber optic sensors permit fluorescence measurements t o be made with a high degree of spatial resolution and minimal interference with other sensors. This makes the instrument particularly well suited for characterizing gradients in pigment fluorescence in the benthic boundary layer, where significant lateral transport of particulate organic matter may occur (Walsh et al, 1988). Initial results from t w o separate deployments have revealed highly variable and vertically heterogeneous near-bottom pigment distributions in coastal waters of the Gulf of Mexico and the U.S. eastern inner continental shelf near Cape Hatteras.…”

“…The utility of high resolution time-series measurements of pigment distributions for characterizing transport of pigments on the northeast U.S. continental shelf has been demonstrated in several previous studies (Falkowski e t al., 1988;Walsh e t al., 1988; SEEP II papers in press). Based on moored fluorometer data as well as discrete shipboard measurements during spring of 1984, Falkowski et al (1 988) observed that phytoplankton pigments were higher in shelf waters than offshore and chlorophyll 3 Multi-sensor in Situ Fiber Optic Fluorometer USM/OOl concentrations show an increase typical of the spring bloom in this region (Malone et al, 1983).…”

“…However, observations of an accumulation of phytoplankton pigments in a near bottom nepheloid layer as the spring bloom season progressed indicated the likelihood of sinking of water column pigments t o the bottom. Furthermore, Walsh et al (1988) argued in favor of a significant seaward export of chlorophyll and carbon off the shelf with as much as 50% of this flux associated with lateral injections of near-bottom particles originating on the inner shelf. Yoder & lshimaru (1 989) cited evidence for advection of phytoplankton biomass along the bottom off the southeastern U.S. continental shelf in association with upwelling and subsequent advection of cooled upwelled water off the shelf.…”

Development of a multi-sensor in situ fiber optic fluorometer

“…recently, they have been deployed on moorings Wirick, 1983, 1986;Dickey et al, 1986;Falkowski et al, 1988;Walsh et al, 1988;Fukuchi et al, 1988;Walsh et al, 1989) and free-drifting instrumentation (Hitchcock et al, 1989). Thus far, vertical resolution in moored applications of in situ fluorometers has been achieved through deployment of multiple individual instruments• Our system would expand the effectiveness of individual strobe and detector packages by the use of multiple optical fibers to allow increased vertical resolution.…”