High electron affinity polymers for LEDs

Moratti, Stephen C.; Cervini, Raoul; Holmes, Andrew B.; Baigent, D.R.; Friend, Richard H.; Greenham, Neil C.; Grüner, J.; Hamer, P.J.

doi:10.1016/0379-6779(94)03193-a

Cited by 204 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This observation could be significant in designing efficient LEDs. Other interesting PPV derivatives include cyano-substituted PPVs produced by a Knoevenagel condensation reaction between a diacetonitrile and a dialdehyde (Scheme 4) [221,227,253,254]. This reaction can also be used for the synthesis of hetero-aromatic cyanopolymers such as poly(thienylenephenylene vinylene) and poly(thienylene vinylene).…”

Section: Conjugated Polymersmentioning

confidence: 98%

Advanced syntheses and microfabrications of conjugated polymers, C60-containing polymers and carbon nanotubes for optoelectronic applications

Dai

1999

Polym. Adv. Technol.

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Section: Conjugated Polymersmentioning

confidence: 98%

Advanced syntheses and microfabrications of conjugated polymers, C60-containing polymers and carbon nanotubes for optoelectronic applications

Dai

1999

Polym. Adv. Technol.

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“…The HOMO-LUMO gap of the resulting polymers (and the wavelength of the emitted light) can be controlled by using different substituents in different positions of the aromatic rings [69]. Thus, in Scheme 4 are depicted several soluble derivatives of polymer 29 a that exhibit emission maxima covering the whole visible spectrum [69 -72] and near infrared [73].…”

Section: Modification Of Electronic Properties Of Conjugated Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chemistry of electroluminescent organic materials

Segura¹

1998

Acta Polym.

287

200

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Electroluminescence has been a subject of interest for several decades because of its many applications in areas such as telecommunications or information displays. Light‐emitting diodes using p‐n junctions of inorganic semiconductors have dominated the field in the last twenty years; however, efficient blue emission has only recently been achieved and inorganic semiconductors are difficult to form over large areas, making the process uneconomic. During the last decade, an explosive growth of activity in the area of organic electroluminescence has occurred in both academia and industry, stimulated by the promise of light‐emitting plastics for the fabrication of large, flexible, inexpensive and efficient screens to be used in different applications. Thus, a substantial amount of research is presently directed towards color control and improvement of manufacturability and reliability of devices in order to make their commercialization viable. A great deal of work has been carried out by physicists and materials scientists concerned with the preparation of different device structures and with the use of different techniques for device manufacture. However, all this work would not be possible without the continuous efforts of synthetic chemists to prepare materials with enhanced luminescent properties and processabilities. This article provides a review of the main types of organic materials that have been used in the fabrica‐tion of light‐emitting diodes either as emitting materials or as charge‐transport layers. Special attention will be paid to the different synthetic strategies that have been followed in order to tune the color of the emission, to increase stability of materials and to enhance their processabilities.

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“…[2] Higher efficiencies can be achieved when the rate of electron injection matches the rate of hole injection. [3] Typically, for poly(para-phenylenevinylene) (PPV), and poly(thiophene), as well as their respective derivatives, electron injection is more difficult than hole injection, [4] which means the energy barrier for electron injection from the cathode is normally larger than that for hole injection from the anode. A couple of strategies have been established to balance the injection of the two types of electrical charges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%