High Diversity of the Saliva Microbiome in Batwa Pygmies

Nasidze, Ivan; Li, Jingjing; Schroeder, Roland; Creasey, Jean L.; Li, Mingkun; Stoneking, Mark

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0023352

Cited by 94 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Hence, at the phylum level the saliva microbiome of humans and apes does not differ dramatically. Within Proteobacteria , both humans and apes are characterized by high proportions of Enterobacteriaceae , which is in agreement with our previous analysis of African populations [14,15] but which stands in stark contrast to other recent oral microbiome studies that focused mainly on individuals of European ancestry [26-28]. Enterobacteriaceae are known to emerge in the oral cavity with increasing age and they can act as opportunist pathogens, especially in patients with debilitating diseases who are submitted to prolonged treatments with antibiotics or cytotoxic medications [29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The saliva microbiome of Pan and Homo

Nasidze

Quinque

et al. 2013

BMC Microbiol

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BackgroundIt is increasingly recognized that the bacteria that live in and on the human body (the microbiome) can play an important role in health and disease. The composition of the microbiome is potentially influenced by both internal factors (such as phylogeny and host physiology) and external factors (such as diet and local environment), and interspecific comparisons can aid in understanding the importance of these factors.ResultsTo gain insights into the relative importance of these factors on saliva microbiome diversity, we here analyze the saliva microbiomes of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and bonobos (Pan paniscus) from two sanctuaries in Africa, and from human workers at each sanctuary. The saliva microbiomes of the two Pan species are more similar to one another, and the saliva microbiomes of the two human groups are more similar to one another, than are the saliva microbiomes of human workers and apes from the same sanctuary. We also looked for the existence of a core microbiome and find no evidence for a taxon-based core saliva microbiome for Homo or Pan. In addition, we studied the saliva microbiome from apes from the Leipzig Zoo, and found an extraordinary diversity in the zoo ape saliva microbiomes that is not found in the saliva microbiomes of the sanctuary animals.ConclusionsThe greater similarity of the saliva microbiomes of the two Pan species to one another, and of the two human groups to one another, are in accordance with both the phylogenetic relationships of the hosts as well as with host physiology. Moreover, the results from the zoo animals suggest that novel environments can have a large impact on the microbiome, and that microbiome analyses based on captive animals should be viewed with caution as they may not reflect the microbiome of animals in the wild.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The saliva microbiome of Pan and Homo

Nasidze

Quinque

et al. 2013

BMC Microbiol

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“…For indoor air, ventilation duct supply air, floor dust, and HVAC filter dust, 17%, 17.5%, 20%, and 3% respectively, of the total bacterial abundance was comprised of human associated taxa — Propionibacterineae , Staphylococcus , Streptococcus , Enterobacteriaceae , and Corynebacterineae [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [37]. Unique indicators of the human oral cavity and saliva, including Fusobacterium and Veillonella [31], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], were also found in the indoor air and floor dust samples, although at very low abundances of 0.02% and 0.1%, respectively. These oral cavity and saliva-associated taxa were neither found in the ventilation duct supply air nor in the HVAC filter dust samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Occupancy as a Source of Indoor Airborne Bacteria

et al. 2012

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Exposure to specific airborne bacteria indoors is linked to infectious and noninfectious adverse health outcomes. However, the sources and origins of bacteria suspended in indoor air are not well understood. This study presents evidence for elevated concentrations of indoor airborne bacteria due to human occupancy, and investigates the sources of these bacteria. Samples were collected in a university classroom while occupied and when vacant. The total particle mass concentration, bacterial genome concentration, and bacterial phylogenetic populations were characterized in indoor, outdoor, and ventilation duct supply air, as well as in the dust of ventilation system filters and in floor dust. Occupancy increased the total aerosol mass and bacterial genome concentration in indoor air PM10 and PM2.5 size fractions, with an increase of nearly two orders of magnitude in airborne bacterial genome concentration in PM10. On a per mass basis, floor dust was enriched in bacterial genomes compared to airborne particles. Quantitative comparisons between bacterial populations in indoor air and potential sources suggest that resuspended floor dust is an important contributor to bacterial aerosol populations during occupancy. Experiments that controlled for resuspension from the floor implies that direct human shedding may also significantly impact the concentration of indoor airborne particles. The high content of bacteria specific to the skin, nostrils, and hair of humans found in indoor air and in floor dust indicates that floors are an important reservoir of human-associated bacteria, and that the direct particle shedding of desquamated skin cells and their subsequent resuspension strongly influenced the airborne bacteria population structure in this human-occupied environment. Inhalation exposure to microbes shed by other current or previous human occupants may occur in communal indoor environments.

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“…In recent, we can only obtain part of 16S rRNA gene information because of the technical limitation of sequencing platform. The V1– V2 region is also widely used to analyze in taxology for microbiota in different body sites [29]–[34]. Therefore, investigating the pyrosequencing data in appropriately method probably can generate the objective results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Composition of Microbiome in Larynx and the Throat Biodiversity between Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients and Control Population

et al. 2013

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The throat is an ecological assemblage involved human cells and microbiota, and the colonizing bacteria are important factors in balancing this environment. However, this bacterial community profile has thus been poorly investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the microbial biology of the larynx and to analyze the throat biodiversity in laryngeal carcinoma patients compared to a control population in a case-control study. Barcoded pyrosequencing analysis of the 16S rRNA gene was used. We collected tissue samples from 29 patients with laryngeal carcinoma and 31 control patients with vocal cord polyps. The findings of high-quality sequence datasets revealed 218 genera from 13 phyla in the laryngeal mucosa. The predominant communities of phyla in the larynx were Firmicutes (54%), Fusobacteria (17%), Bacteroidetes (15%), Proteobacteria (11%), and Actinobacteria (3%). The leading genera were Streptococcus (36%), Fusobacterium (15%), Prevotella (12%), Neisseria (6%), and Gemella (4%). The throat bacterial compositions were highly different between laryngeal carcinoma subjects and control population (p = 0.006). The abundance of the 26 genera was significantly different between the laryngeal cancer and control groups by metastats analysis (p<0.05). Fifteen genera may be associated with laryngeal carcinoma by partial least squares discriminant analysis (p<0.001). In summary, this study revealed the microbiota profiles in laryngeal mucosa from tissue specimens. The compositions of bacteria community in throat were different between laryngeal cancer patients and controls, and probably were related with this carcinoma. The disruption of this bio-ecological niche might be a risk factor for laryngeal carcinoma.

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High Diversity of the Saliva Microbiome in Batwa Pygmies

Cited by 94 publications

References 13 publications

The saliva microbiome of Pan and Homo

The saliva microbiome of Pan and Homo

Human Occupancy as a Source of Indoor Airborne Bacteria

The Composition of Microbiome in Larynx and the Throat Biodiversity between Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients and Control Population

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