High dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores increase odds of overweight in adults with rs9939609 polymorphism of FTO gene

Mehrdad, Mahsa; Vahid, Farhad; Shivappa, Nitin; Hébert, James R.; Fardaei, Majid; Eftekhari, Mohammad Hassan

doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.01.034

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…71 The pro-inflammatory DII was associated with increased odds of being overweight in 197 adults after adjustment for height, fat mass, blood pressure, and total energy intake. 72 In the same study, there was a correlation between high DII scores and fat mass (bioimpedance), BMI, and WC before and after adjusting for sex, height, and energy intake. 72 In 651 Pakistani men (age 54-95 years), DII score was positively associated with weight, BMI, WHR, and (%) body fat.…”

Section: And Obesitymentioning

confidence: 85%

“…72 In the same study, there was a correlation between high DII scores and fat mass (bioimpedance), BMI, and WC before and after adjusting for sex, height, and energy intake. 72 In 651 Pakistani men (age 54-95 years), DII score was positively associated with weight, BMI, WHR, and (%) body fat. 73 Two studies investigated the relationship between DII and obesity in children.…”

Section: And Obesitymentioning

confidence: 85%

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The dietary inflammatory index, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors and diseases

et al. 2021

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SummaryAn unhealthy diet is a recognized risk factor in the pathophysiology of numerous chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCD), including obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This is, at least in part, due to unhealthy diets causing chronic low‐grade inflammation in the gut and systemically. To characterize the inflammatory potential of diet, we developed the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®). Following this development, around 500 papers have been published, which examined the association between the DII, energy‐adjusted DII (E‐DII™), and the children's DII (C‐DII™) and many chronic NCDs including obesity and cardiometabolic diseases. Although a previous narrative review published in 2019 briefly summarized the evidence in this area, there was a significant increase in papers on this topic since 2020. Therefore, the purpose of this narrative review is to provide an in‐depth updated review by including all papers until July 2021 on DII and its relationship with obesity, T2DM, and CVD. Furthermore, we aim to identify potential gaps in the literature and provide future directions for research. Most studies found that DII was associated with an increased risk of obesity, T2DM, and CVD with some relationships being sex‐specific. However, we identified the paucity of papers describing associations between dietary inflammation and T2DM and its risk factors. Few studies used gold‐standard measures of cardiometabolic risk factors. We also identified the lack of interventional studies designed to change the inflammatory potential of diets and study its effect on cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases. We recommend that such interventional studies are needed to assess if changes in DII, representing the inflammatory potential of diet, independently of changes in body composition can modulate cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases.

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Section: And Obesitymentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: And Obesitymentioning

confidence: 85%

The dietary inflammatory index, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors and diseases

et al. 2021

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“…During obesity, circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines increase in response to chronic stress leading to increases in inflammatory oxidative stress biomarkers through various actions, including disruption of normal cell division processes and signal transduction ( 50 ). Furthermore, diet-induced inflammation was significantly associated with the overweight risk for obesity-related obesity (FTO) gene polymorphism ( 51 ). These changes all contribute to a chronic pro-inflammatory state in obese individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between the Children's Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII) and Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Among Children and Adolescents: NHANES 2015-2018

Zhang

Ren

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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ObjectivesTo explore the association of Children's Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII) scores with inflammation and markers of inflammatory factors in children and adolescents.MethodsData on dietary nutrient intake, markers of inflammation (ferritin, alkaline phosphatase, C-reactive protein (CRP), absolute neutrophil cell count and lymphocyte count) and oxidative stress (serum bilirubin, albumin, and iron) were available for participants aged 6–19 years (n = 1281). Each participant's C-DII score was calculated based on a 24-h diet and recall. Generalized linear models were applied to examine associations between C-DII and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, while adjusting for covariates. Restricted cubic splines were used to explore the dose-response association of C-DII scores with indicators of inflammatory oxidative stress. Akaike's Information Criterionwas applied to compare the performance of linear and non-linear models.ResultsAfter adjusting for potential confounders, quantile regression results showed that when comparing C-DII quartile 4 (most pro-inflammatory) and quartile 1 (most anti-inflammatory), lymphocytes, ferritin, CRP were statistically significant differences in serum bilirubin, albumin and serum iron (P < 0.05). The C-DII score showed a non-linear relationship with inflammatory oxidative stress indicators. Overweight/obese children and adolescents who ate a high pro-inflammatory diet were more likely to have higher levels of inflammatory cytokines (P = 0.002).ConclusionsThe dietary inflammatory index in children is associated with markers of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. A pro-inflammatory diet resulted in increased serum concentrations of these markers, implying that early dietary interventions have implications for reducing chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in children and adolescents.

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“…Moreover, diet-induced inflammation is significantly associated with the risk of overweight adults with the rs9939609 polymorphism of the Fat Mass and Obesity Associated (FTO) gene. According to diet self-reports, a normal weight does not necessarily indicate that the diet has a low inflammatory potential and good quality ( 35 , 36 ). Furthermore, obesity deteriorates the psychological health of individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of BMI in the Relationship Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Depression: An Intermediary Analysis

Zhan

et al. 2021

Front. Med.

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Introduction: This study investigated this association and the role of BMI in the inflammatory process in a large population-based observational study.Methods: A total of 1,865 elderly people (≥55 years) were followed from the Community Cohort Study of Nervous System Diseases (CCSNSD) cohort study from 2018 to 2019 (Mean [SD] age, 66.31 [0.32] years; 716 [38.4%] males). The semi-quantitative FFQ and geriatric depression scale (GDS) were used to evaluate the diet and depressive symptoms of the elderly, respectively. The multivariable logistic regression model estimated the OR and 95% CI between Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII) and depression. The interaction of E-DII and BMI on depressive events was tested, and the mediation analysis of BMI was performed.Results: As measured by E-DII, the mean (SE) value of the inflammatory potential of the diet in our study was 1.56 (0.12). E-DII ranged from 5.23 to 5.58. In comparison with the first quartile, the elderly from the second quartile (OR: 1.15 [95% CI: 1.09, 1.28]) to the fourth quartile (OR: 1.31 [95% CI: 1.16, 1.42]) have a higher risk of depression before adjustment for BMI. An interaction was observed between E-DII and BMI in terms of the risk of depression (PInteraction < 0.001). The whole related part is mediated by BMI (31.06%).Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the higher pro-inflammatory potential of diet is associated with a higher risk of depression, and this association may be mediated by BMI. Further research is needed to verify our findings and clarify the latent mechanism.

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High dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores increase odds of overweight in adults with rs9939609 polymorphism of FTO gene

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

The dietary inflammatory index, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors and diseases

The dietary inflammatory index, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors and diseases

Association Between the Children's Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII) and Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Among Children and Adolescents: NHANES 2015-2018

Role of BMI in the Relationship Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Depression: An Intermediary Analysis

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