Hibernation-hypothermia and metabolism in hedgehogs. Changes in some organic components

Opposing Activity Changes in AMP Deaminase and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in the Hibernating Ground Squirrel

“…We also examined plasma uric acid and allantoin, the latter being a metabolite of uric acid. Previous studies have found a fall in serum uric acid in the hedgehog when they enter into torpor [ 48 ], and likewise with the emergence from hibernation serum uric acid levels rise in several species of hibernating mammals [ 47 , 49 , 50 ]. Consistent with these observations, plasma uric acid was lowest in IBA and Ent hibernators compared to the other states, Allantoin accumulated during LT and Ar, but dropped to its lowest levels during Ent, both diet and metabolic effects that occur In hibernation states with warm Tb (IBA and Ent) uric acid levels fall, likelydue to decreased protein intake and a mild reduction in AMPD activity, but uric acid slowly accumulates during torpor due to impairment in kidney function.…”

Opposing Activity Changes in AMP Deaminase and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in the Hibernating Ground Squirrel

“…We also examined plasma uric acid and allantoin, the latter being a metabolite of uric acid. Previous studies have found a fall in serum uric acid in the hedgehog when they enter into torpor [ 48 ], and likewise with the emergence from hibernation serum uric acid levels rise in several species of hibernating mammals [ 47 , 49 , 50 ]. Consistent with these observations, plasma uric acid was lowest in IBA and Ent hibernators compared to the other states, Allantoin accumulated during LT and Ar, but dropped to its lowest levels during Ent, both diet and metabolic effects that occur In hibernation states with warm Tb (IBA and Ent) uric acid levels fall, likelydue to decreased protein intake and a mild reduction in AMPD activity, but uric acid slowly accumulates during torpor due to impairment in kidney function.…”

Noninvasive measurement of brain glycogen by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and its application to the study of brain metabolism

“…Conversely, glucose deprivation by insulin‐induced hypoglycemia reduces brain glycogen levels (Morgenthaler et al,2006; Herzog et al,2008; Canada et al,2011) by increasing glycogenolysis (Choi et al,2003). In vivo rodent studies have further suggested that brain glycogen content declines and metabolism increases in the setting of prolonged wakefulness (Kong et al,2002; Morgenthaler et al,2009), whereas brain glycogen content increases with the use of anesthetics (Nelson et al,1968; Nordstrom and Siesjö,1978; Morgenthaler et al,2006) or during hibernation (Al‐Badry and Taha,1983).…”

Seasonal variation in glucose and insulin is modulated by food and temperature conditions in a hibernating primate

“…During hibernation, hibernators generally show more consistent patterns of glucose, insulin, and insulin sensitivity. For animals cycling between torpor and arousal, circulating glucose and insulin levels increase as animals rewarm and ratchet-up metabolism ( Konttinen et al, 1964 ; Tashima et al, 1970 ; Galster and Morrison, 1975 ; Hoo-Paris et al, 1978 ; Castex and Sutter, 1979 ; Hoo-Paris and Sutter, 1980 ; Al-Badry and Taha, 1983 ). During hibernation, a time when significant lipolysis is essential to fuel metabolism, insulin insensitivity is common to rodents ( Moreau-Hamsany et al, 1988 ), hedgehogs ( Hoo-Paris et al, 1978 ), and bears ( McCain et al, 2013 ; Rigano et al, 2017 ).…”

Opposing Activity Changes in AMP Deaminase and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in the Hibernating Ground Squirrel

“…We also examined plasma uric acid and allantoin, the latter being a metabolite of uric acid. Previous studies have found a fall in serum uric acid in the hedgehog when they enter into torpor [ 48 ], and likewise with the emergence from hibernation serum uric acid levels rise in several species of hibernating mammals [ 47 , 49 , 50 ]. Consistent with these observations, plasma uric acid was lowest in IBA and Ent hibernators compared to the other states, Allantoin accumulated during LT and Ar, but dropped to its lowest levels during Ent, both diet and metabolic effects that occur In hibernation states with warm Tb (IBA and Ent) uric acid levels fall, likelydue to decreased protein intake and a mild reduction in AMPD activity, but uric acid slowly accumulates during torpor due to impairment in kidney function.…”

Noninvasive measurement of brain glycogen by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and its application to the study of brain metabolism

“…Conversely, glucose deprivation by insulin‐induced hypoglycemia reduces brain glycogen levels (Morgenthaler et al,2006; Herzog et al,2008; Canada et al,2011) by increasing glycogenolysis (Choi et al,2003). In vivo rodent studies have further suggested that brain glycogen content declines and metabolism increases in the setting of prolonged wakefulness (Kong et al,2002; Morgenthaler et al,2009), whereas brain glycogen content increases with the use of anesthetics (Nelson et al,1968; Nordstrom and Siesjö,1978; Morgenthaler et al,2006) or during hibernation (Al‐Badry and Taha,1983).…”

Seasonal variation in glucose and insulin is modulated by food and temperature conditions in a hibernating primate

“…During hibernation, hibernators generally show more consistent patterns of glucose, insulin, and insulin sensitivity. For animals cycling between torpor and arousal, circulating glucose and insulin levels increase as animals rewarm and ratchet-up metabolism ( Konttinen et al, 1964 ; Tashima et al, 1970 ; Galster and Morrison, 1975 ; Hoo-Paris et al, 1978 ; Castex and Sutter, 1979 ; Hoo-Paris and Sutter, 1980 ; Al-Badry and Taha, 1983 ). During hibernation, a time when significant lipolysis is essential to fuel metabolism, insulin insensitivity is common to rodents ( Moreau-Hamsany et al, 1988 ), hedgehogs ( Hoo-Paris et al, 1978 ), and bears ( McCain et al, 2013 ; Rigano et al, 2017 ).…”

Opposing Activity Changes in AMP Deaminase and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in the Hibernating Ground Squirrel

“…We also examined plasma uric acid and allantoin, the latter being a metabolite of uric acid. Previous studies have found a fall in serum uric acid in the hedgehog when they enter into torpor [ 48 ], and likewise with the emergence from hibernation serum uric acid levels rise in several species of hibernating mammals [ 47 , 49 , 50 ]. Consistent with these observations, plasma uric acid was lowest in IBA and Ent hibernators compared to the other states, Allantoin accumulated during LT and Ar, but dropped to its lowest levels during Ent, both diet and metabolic effects that occur In hibernation states with warm Tb (IBA and Ent) uric acid levels fall, likelydue to decreased protein intake and a mild reduction in AMPD activity, but uric acid slowly accumulates during torpor due to impairment in kidney function.…”

Noninvasive measurement of brain glycogen by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and its application to the study of brain metabolism

“…Conversely, glucose deprivation by insulin‐induced hypoglycemia reduces brain glycogen levels (Morgenthaler et al,2006; Herzog et al,2008; Canada et al,2011) by increasing glycogenolysis (Choi et al,2003). In vivo rodent studies have further suggested that brain glycogen content declines and metabolism increases in the setting of prolonged wakefulness (Kong et al,2002; Morgenthaler et al,2009), whereas brain glycogen content increases with the use of anesthetics (Nelson et al,1968; Nordstrom and Siesjö,1978; Morgenthaler et al,2006) or during hibernation (Al‐Badry and Taha,1983).…”

Seasonal variation in glucose and insulin is modulated by food and temperature conditions in a hibernating primate

“…During hibernation, hibernators generally show more consistent patterns of glucose, insulin, and insulin sensitivity. For animals cycling between torpor and arousal, circulating glucose and insulin levels increase as animals rewarm and ratchet-up metabolism ( Konttinen et al, 1964 ; Tashima et al, 1970 ; Galster and Morrison, 1975 ; Hoo-Paris et al, 1978 ; Castex and Sutter, 1979 ; Hoo-Paris and Sutter, 1980 ; Al-Badry and Taha, 1983 ). During hibernation, a time when significant lipolysis is essential to fuel metabolism, insulin insensitivity is common to rodents ( Moreau-Hamsany et al, 1988 ), hedgehogs ( Hoo-Paris et al, 1978 ), and bears ( McCain et al, 2013 ; Rigano et al, 2017 ).…”