Heterogeneous Thermoset/Thermoplastic Recycled Carbon Fiber Composite Materials for Second-Generation Composites

Mamanpush, Seyed Hossein; Li, Hui; Tabatabaei, Azadeh Tavousi; Englund, Karl

doi:10.1007/s12649-021-01341-0

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The results showed an improvement in some properties of the developed composites, including their tensile, flexural, and impact strengths. Mamanpush et al [54] conducted a similar study that developed recycled CF-reinforced polyether ether ketone composite materials. The recycled CF was obtained from epoxy/CF and vinyl ester composite wastes.…”

Section: Mechanical Recycling Of Cfrpcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Recycling of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer in a Circular Economy

Aldosari,

AlOtaibi,

Alblalaihid

et al. 2024

Polymers

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This review thoroughly investigates the mechanical recycling of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites (CFRPCs), a critical area for sustainable material management. With CFRPC widely used in high-performance areas like aerospace, transportation, and energy, developing effective recycling methods is essential for tackling environmental and economic issues. Mechanical recycling stands out for its low energy consumption and minimal environmental impact. This paper reviews current mechanical recycling techniques, highlighting their benefits in terms of energy efficiency and material recovery, but also points out their challenges, such as the degradation of mechanical properties due to fiber damage and difficulties in achieving strong interfacial adhesion in recycled composites. A novel part of this review is the use of finite element analysis (FEA) to predict the behavior of recycled CFRPCs, showing the potential of recycled fibers to preserve structural integrity and performance. This review also emphasizes the need for more research to develop standardized mechanical recycling protocols for CFRPCs that enhance material properties, optimize recycling processes, and assess environmental impacts thoroughly. By combining experimental and numerical studies, this review identifies knowledge gaps and suggests future research directions. It aims to advance the development of sustainable, efficient, and economically viable CFRPC recycling methods. The insights from this review could significantly benefit the circular economy by reducing waste and enabling the reuse of valuable carbon fibers in new composite materials.

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Section: Mechanical Recycling Of Cfrpcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Recycling of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer in a Circular Economy

Aldosari,

AlOtaibi,

Alblalaihid

et al. 2024

Polymers

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“…However, these processes demand high energy and do not consider the matrix recovery. These processes only focus on recovering the fibers or loads, [127][128][129] because they usually have higher market values. 119,130 Table 1 summarizes the recent studies involving the processes of recycling CFRP.…”

Section: Importance and The Possibility Of Cfrps Recycling And Closed...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mamanpush et al 127 recovered the CF of the epoxy resin by pyrolysis using microwave and traditional thermolysis methods, with the recovery ratio of 94.49% and 93.47%, respectively. According to the authors, recycling using microwave heating was faster, with a higher recovery ratio and less energy consumption.…”

Section: Importance and The Possibility Of Cfrps Recycling And Closed...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic and thermoset composites: A review

Montagna

Morgado

Lemes

et al. 2022

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials

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Carbon fiber (CF) reinforced thermoplastic and thermoset composites are on the rise for research and new technologies, consequently, the use by many industries for applications in diverse areas. The principal methodologies and technologies for reusing and recycling these composites and possible applications are reviewed based on available in the information in the existing scientific literature. This review aims to present the possibilities of recycling, reuse and application of these composites reinforced with CF. The composites show a high added value due to the cost of the raw material and the technology involved in its development, which deserves attention for its possible recycling, and thus, and closed-loop economy. Given the current concern for the environment, the future disposal of waste based on CF reinforced thermoplastic and thermoset composites deposited in sanitary landfills and incinerated are unlikely to continue. It is expected that with the new carbon-fiber reinforced-polymer (CFRP) waste management guidelines, most industries, and scientific research will develop viable and profitable methodologies for the reuse and recycling of this waste and that can be inserted into the economy for the manufacture of new components for the most diverse sectors automotive industry.

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“…These expired prepregs, especially, are difficult to recycle once they are cured and expire due to the difficulty in separating their fibers because of the cross-linked polymer matrices. Traditional carbon fiber composites use thermoset resins to transfer stress among the carbon fiber and matrices [9]. Thus, their afterlife typically involves landfilling.…”

Section: Figure 1 Consumption Of Carbon Fiber In Different Industriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Acid Treatment on The Recovery of Outdated Pre-preg Composite Fibers

Ali

Asmatulu

2021

Preprint

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Purpose Carbon fiber, Kevlar® fiber, and glass fiber are the most widely used polymer prepregs in manufacturing high-performance composites to produce vital parts for a wide range of applications. The production of carbon and Kevlar® fibers is an energy-intensive process, requiring 198–595 MJ to produce 1 kg of virgin carbon fiber. However, chemically recycling these expired prepregs takes only 38.4 MJ/kg, which could be significantly sustainable. The work described in this study involves an array of experiments involving acid treatment of outdated prepreg composite fibers to study its effects and reclaim the fibers for future applications.Method The experiments were carried out at two different temperatures: 25°C and also 60°C. Sulfuric acid, nitric acid, acetone, and distilled water were used in the process, with varying treatment times of 60, 120, 240, 360, and 420 seconds. The recovered fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Result The optimum treatment time and temperature were different for all three types of fibers. Initially, the glass fiber yielded promising results at room temperature and with a minimal 120-s processing time. Carbon fiber treatment was successful at 60°C with a 420-s treatment time. However, some surface damage was observed in the Kevlar® fiber at 60°C. Conclusion The chemical recycling process is the most sustainable, energy- and cost-efficient approach compared to all other available recycling processes. Also, it is possible to recover much cleaner fibers with the weave intact with an acid treatment and solvent-based recovery.

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Heterogeneous Thermoset/Thermoplastic Recycled Carbon Fiber Composite Materials for Second-Generation Composites

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

Mechanical Recycling of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer in a Circular Economy

Mechanical Recycling of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer in a Circular Economy

Recycling of carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic and thermoset composites: A review

Effects of Acid Treatment on The Recovery of Outdated Pre-preg Composite Fibers

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