Heterogeneidades das políticas estaduais de distanciamento social diante da COVID-19: aspectos políticos e técnico-administrativos

Pereira, Ana Karine; Oliveira, Marília Silva de; Sampaio, Thiago da Silva

doi:10.1590/0034-761220200323

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Despite this variability, all state governors implemented social distancing policies, including school or business closures, albeit at different times and with varying levels of stringency and public adherence de Souza Santos et al, 2021;Hale et al, 2020;Castro et al, 2021). These spurred local disagreements about the distribution of resources and were jeopardized by the absence of effective monitoring and control at the federal level (Pereira, Oliveira and Sampaio, 2020).…”

Section: Covid-19 In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voting in a global pandemic: Assessing dueling influences of Covid‐19 on turnout

Constantino

Cooperman

Moreira

2021

Social Science Quarterly

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We investigate the impact of a global health crisis on political behavior. Specifically, we assess the impact of Covid-19 incidence rates, and the impact of temporal and spatial proximity to the crisis, on voter turnout in the 2020 Brazilian municipal elections. Methods: We use Ordinary Least Squares and Spatial Durbin Error models to evaluate sub-national variation in municipallevel Covid-19 incidence and voter turnout. We include controls for political, economic, health, and state context. Results: Ceteris paribus, increasing deaths in the month leading up to the election from 0.01 to 1 per 1000 people is associated with a 5 percentage point decrease in turnout; higher cases and deaths earlier in the pandemic are generally associated with higher turnout. Covid-19 incidence rates in nearby municipalities affect local turnout in the same directions. Conclusion: Higher Covid-19 incidence near the time of the election decreases voter turnout, while incidence farther from the election increases voter turnout.Globalization and climate change have increased the frequency and extent of extreme weather, financial and economic crises, and disease outbreaks (Baer and Singer, 2016). These multidimensional crises simultaneously encompass society, politics, and the environment (Gills, 2010), often with profound repercussions for democracy. They can also act as "stress tests," revealing the capacity and willingness of elected officials to respond and the political psychology and behavior of voters. The Covid-19 pandemic-a health and economic crisis-has had profound effects on the material and physical security of citizens, on psychological factors such as anxiety and risk perceptions (Dryhurst et al., 2020), and on public opinion and trust in science and political institutions (Bol et al., 2020;Schraff, 2020;Agley, 2020). The myriad impacts of the pandemic are likely to affect voter turnout and democratic accountability (de Koeijer and Parkinson, 2020;Achen and Bartels, 2017).The dynamics and motivations of political behavior during a crisis are complex. Changes in the perceived costs and benefits of voting can either increase or decrease turnout (Aldrich, 1993), and vote shares can shift as voters punish (Cole, Healy and Werker, 2012) or reward incumbents (Cole, Healy and Werker, 2012;Bechtel and Hainmueller, 2011). While an election offers an opportunity to hold elected officials 2210

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Section: Covid-19 In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voting in a global pandemic: Assessing dueling influences of Covid‐19 on turnout

Constantino

Cooperman

Moreira

2021

Social Science Quarterly

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“…Os conflitos envolveram pronunciamentos do Presidente da República, primeiro negando a gravidade da pandemia, em contraste às orientações da OMS e atuação do próprio MS 22,23 e segundo pela divergência com os atores governamentais estaduais quanto à adoção de estratégias de isolamento social e recomendações do tratamentos medicamentosos não comprovado cientificamente para COVID-19, durante a construção das agendas e formulações dos PCE. Vale destacar que o isolamento social se constitui a principal via de contenção da transmissibilidade, buscando evitar o aumento do número de casos e mortes por COVID-19 24 . Essas divergências entre autoridades sanitárias sugerem ausência de coordenação nacional para adequada comunicação 8 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Contingência hospitalar no enfrentamento da COVID-19 no Brasil: problemas e alternativas governamentais

Santos

Andrade

Vieira

et al. 2021

Ciênc. saúde coletiva

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Resumo Este artigo analisa a agenda governamental estratégica para enfrentamento da COVID-19 no Brasil, com foco na atenção hospitalar. Foram analisados 28 Planos de Contingência na íntegra, sendo 01 nacional, 26 estaduais e 01 do Distrito Federal. Utilizou-se o referencial teórico do Ciclo da Política Pública, especificamente os momentos de pré-decisão e decisão governamental para o enfrentamento da pandemia. As evidências revelaram convergências entre os níveis nacional e estaduais quanto às propostas de reorientação do fluxo de atendimento, detecção dos casos e indicação de hospitais de referência. Todavia, as agendas estaduais demonstraram fragilidades correlacionadas à aquisição de aparelhos de ventilação mecânica, dimensionamento de recursos humanos, regionalização da atenção hospitalar, além de poucos estados terem estabelecido um método de cálculo de leitos de retaguarda, principalmente quanto a previsão de abertura de hospitais de referência ou contratação complementar de leitos de UTI. Conclui-se que a heterogeneidade de ações explicitadas nos planos revelaa complexidade do processo de enfrentamento da COVID-19 no Brasil com suas desigualdades regionais, fragilidades dos sistemas estaduais de saúde e reduzida coordenação do Ministério da Saúde.

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“…In Brazil, the new coronavirus epidemic is ongoing since the ending of February 2020, even after months of restrictive rules and other measures. The Brazilian federative model, already marked by a strong municipalism, plus the federal omission in this crisis management, has favored the role of cities in the plan preparation for the pandemic, signaling important changes in the federative relationship 20 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social isolation relaxation and the effective reproduction number (Rt) of COVID-19 in twelve Brazilian cities

Castro

Tavares

Martins

et al. 2021

Ciênc. saúde coletiva

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We analyzed the social isolation relaxation strategies adopted by the twelve biggest Brazilian cities in 2020, in relation to the number of cases, number of deaths and the effective reproduction number (Rt), which are internationally considered the fundamental epidemiological criteria for allowing wider population mobility in public spaces. The Brazilian central government has not set unique guidelines neither for closure nor for opening, and states and cities have taken the lead in strategy definition. Until July 31 2020, in Belém do Pará, Fortaleza, Manaus, Recife and Rio de Janeiro, where the epidemic peak had already been surpassed, and in Salvador and São Paulo, in which the peak seemed to be already reached, the Rt curve followed a decreasing path after the openings. Porto Alegre, a city in which the epidemic curve was flattened, had an increase in Rt after the start of relaxation. In Belo Horizonte, Brasília, Curitiba and Goiânia, where the curve was also flattened, the Rt remained stable after the opening. The decision on how to operationalize the relaxation of social isolation and the speed with which it happened was heterogeneous among the cities studied. Also, broad population testing strategies were not done in any of the cities.

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Heterogeneidades das políticas estaduais de distanciamento social diante da COVID-19: aspectos políticos e técnico-administrativos

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Voting in a global pandemic: Assessing dueling influences of Covid‐19 on turnout

Voting in a global pandemic: Assessing dueling influences of Covid‐19 on turnout

Contingência hospitalar no enfrentamento da COVID-19 no Brasil: problemas e alternativas governamentais

Social isolation relaxation and the effective reproduction number (Rt) of COVID-19 in twelve Brazilian cities

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