Herd and sow-related risk factors for mortality in sows in group-housed systems

Jensen, Teis; Toft, Nils; Bonde, Marianne; Kongsted, Anne Grete; Kristensen, Anders Ringgaard; Sørensen, Jan Tind

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.09.009

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The lack of any association between herd size and death occurrence in our data is in agreement with other Danish and Japanese studies (Jensen et al, 2012;Iida & Koketsu, 2014). Any herd size effects could be partly explained by the low-performing and ordinary herd effects found in our analysis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Our study also showed a slightly lower survival probability associated with higher AFM which suggests that some high aged pregnant gilts are at risk of dying around farrowing. One possible reason for these lower survival probabilities in gilts having high AFM is that heat stressed gilts have delayed puberty (D'Allaire et al, 1996) and that some of these gilts with poor body conditions are likely to die earlier (Tina et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mortality and Survival Probability of Female Pigs in Southern European Commercial Breeding Herds

Tani¹,

Piñeiro²,

Koketsu³

2017

JAS

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This retrospective cohort study characterized death occurrences in female pigs in commercial herds, examined the survival probability for served females, and quantified factors associated with by-parity mortality risks for farrowed sows. The cohort data from herd entry to removal included 558,486 first service records of 113,517 females in 121 herds, served between 2008 and 2013. Two herd categories were defined on the basis of the lower 25th percentiles of herd means of annualized lifetime pigs weaned per sow: low-performing herds and ordinary herds. Two-level survival analysis was performed for served females to obtain by-parity survival probabilities (gilts and parity 1-6 sows). Also, log-binomial regression models were used to examine risk factors and ratios associated with mortality risks for the seven parity groups farrowed in either spring, summer, autumn or winter. Overall mean mortality incidence rates were 1.22 and 5.30 pigs per 100 pig-days of observation for pregnant females and farrowed sows, respectively. Survival probabilities for served females rapidly decreased by 2.3%-3.7% around farrowing in all parity groups. The lower survival probabilities were associated with increased age at first-mating, females in low-performing herds, sows farrowing more stillborn piglets and sows having weaning-to-first-mating interval of 7 days or more (P < 0.05). Mortality risks were assessed for herds, served month, WMI and stillborm piglets. Increased risks were associated with summer farrowing, low-performing herds and more stillborn piglets (P < 0.05). We recommended that producers individually monitor high risk female groups, and provide prompt treatment to any females with problems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality and Survival Probability of Female Pigs in Southern European Commercial Breeding Herds

Tani¹,

Piñeiro²,

Koketsu³

2017

JAS

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“…This research was consistent with Iida and Koketsu [38] in Japan, and Jensen and coworkers [33] in Danish pig populations using similar herd size.…”

Section: A Population Sizesupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Esophageal and stomach ulcers are common conditions in breeding herd females [49]. In other studies, sows suffering from stress-related diseases such as gastric ulcers, gastro-splenic torsions or other intestinal bleeding were associated with a pale skin color and were correlated with a pale vulva color, and an abdomen that appears to be bloated [33,47].…”

Section: A Natural Deathmentioning

confidence: 92%

A review of aetiology and risk factors affecting sow mortality.

Supakorn¹,

Moeller²,

Stock³

et al. 2019

CABI Reviews

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Sow mortality rates in the U.S. breeding herds have been increasing in recent years. Based on reports in the scientific literature, sow mortality rates started increasing by the mid-to late 1990s. This reality continues to be documented through database evaluation and reports from herd managers and producers. These trends are a clear challenge to herd veterinarians and producers in the swine industry in the U.S. and many other countries around the world. Sow mortality challenges are complex issues with multiple risk factors. This review covers reported incidences of increasing sow mortality, as well as etiologies and risk factors associated with sow mortality occurring in the modern lean-type sow. Gastrointestinal, heart and locomotive problems, cystitispyelonephritis (inflammation of the urinary bladder and kidney), reproductive failure, prolapses, and additional disorders are consistently reported as common etiologies for sow mortality. Information on related risk factors such as population, sow housing, reproductive stage, and health status lead efforts to define and resolve sow mortality. Increasing sow mortality could well be taken as an indictment of modern production systems, of the genetically improved sows, or the knowledge and actions of animal caretakers. Prompt resolution of sow mortality is of critical importance and is a public expectation with respect to the ethical treatment and care of production food animals.

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“…Under these conditions, the management of the whole pig production cycle focuses on each herd or period. To date there has been limited research done on management factors that affect performance and mortality (Sasaki and Koketsu, 2008;Rose et al, 2009;Jensen et al, 2012) and economic implications (Rodríguez et al, 2011;van der Fels-Klerx et al, 2011) in GF pig systems. Furthermore, feed represents 65% to 75% of the total cost of producing pork and~75% of the total feed is consumed during the GF phase, suggesting that the GF phase is the most expensive phase in pig production (van Heugten, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management factors affecting mortality, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of grow-finishing pigs

Agostini

Fahey

Manzanilla

et al. 2014

Animal

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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of animal management and farm facilities on total feed intake (TFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality rate (MORT) of grower-finishing pigs. In total, 310 batches from 244 grower-finishing farms, consisting of 454 855 Pietrain sired pigs in six Spanish pig companies were used. Data collection consisted of a survey on management practices (season of placement, split-sex by pens, number of pig origins, water source in the farm, initial or final BW) and facilities (floor, feeder, ventilation or number of animals placed) during 2008 and 2009. Results indicated that batches of pigs placed between January and March had higher TFI ( P = 0.006), FCR ( P = 0.005) and MORT ( P = 0.03) than those placed between July and September. Moreover, batches of pigs placed between April and June had lower MORT ( P = 0.003) than those placed between January and March. Batches which had split-sex pens had lower TFI ( P = 0.001) and better FCR ( P < 0.001) than those with mixed-sex in pens; pigs fed with a single-space feeder with incorporated drinker also had the lowest TFI ( P < 0.001) and best FCR ( P < 0.001) in comparison to single and multi-space feeders without a drinker. Pigs placed in pens with <50% slatted floors presented an improvement in FCR ( P < 0.05) than pens with 50% or more slatted floors. Batches filled with pigs from multiple origins had higher MORT ( P < 0.001) than those from a single origin. Pigs housed in barns that performed manual ventilation control presented higher MORT ( P < 0.001) in comparison to automatic ventilation. The regression analysis also indicated that pigs which entered to grower-finisher facilities with higher initial BW had lower MORT ( P < 0.05) and finally pigs which were sent to slaughterhouse with a higher final BW presented higher TFI ( P < 0.001). The variables selected for each dependent variable explained 61.9%, 24.8% and 20.4% of the total variability for TFI, FCR and MORT, respectively. This study indicates that farms can increase growth performance and reduce mortality by improving farm facilities and/or modifying management practices.

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Herd and sow-related risk factors for mortality in sows in group-housed systems

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Mortality and Survival Probability of Female Pigs in Southern European Commercial Breeding Herds

Mortality and Survival Probability of Female Pigs in Southern European Commercial Breeding Herds

A review of aetiology and risk factors affecting sow mortality.

Management factors affecting mortality, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of grow-finishing pigs

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