Hepatocurative activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles fabricated using Andrographis paniculata

SummarySilver has attracted a lot of attention as a powerful, broad spectrum and natural antimicrobial agent since the ancient times because of its nontoxic nature to the human body at low concentrations. It has been used in treatment of various infections and ulcers, storage of water and prevention of bacterial growth on the surfaces and within materials. However, there are numerous medical and health benefits of colloidal or nanosilver apart from its microbicidal ability which as yet has not been fully embraced by the medical community. These include antiplatelet activity, antioxidant effect, anticancer activity, wound healing and bone regeneration, enhancement of immunity, and increase in antibiotic efficiency. Additionally silver also provides protection against alcohol toxicity, upper respiratory tract infections and stomach ailments. Although nanosilver has been proposed for various topical applications, its usage by ingestion and inhalation remains controversial due to the lack of detailed and precise toxicity information. These beneficial properties of silver can be utilized by using silver at very low concentrations which are not harmful to the human body and environment. The following review discusses the diverse medical applications of silver and further recommends human clinical studies for its in vivo usage.

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“…This hepatocurative effect of damaged mice livers was attributed to the strong antioxidant effect of silver (Suriyakalaa et al . ).…”

Section: Antioxidant Effect Of Silvermentioning

confidence: 97%

The silver lining: towards the responsible and limited usage of silver

Naik

Kowshik

2017

J Appl Microbiol

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“…For this purpose, biomass or extracts of different plants have been tried with success as reducing agents. For instance, in the literature, there are reports of the synthesis of silver or gold nanoparticles using extracts of different plants [17-20,23,24,36-49]. The present work is part of this new line of research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using reducing agents obtained from natural sources (Rumex hymenosepalus extracts)

et al. 2013

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We have synthesized silver nanoparticles from silver nitrate solutions using extracts of Rumex hymenosepalus, a plant widely found in a large region in North America, as reducing agent. This plant is known to be rich in antioxidant molecules which we use as reducing agents. Silver nanoparticles grow in a single-step method, at room temperature, and with no addition of external energy. The nanoparticles have been characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, as a function of the ratio of silver ions to reducing agent molecules. The nanoparticle diameters are in the range of 2 to 40 nm. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and fast Fourier transform analysis show that two kinds of crystal structures are obtained: face-centered cubic and hexagonal.

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“…In the manufacturing realm, nanotechnologists are also now using plants and other more natural biological agents to biosynthesize "green" silver and gold nanoparticles (Daisy and Saipriya, 2012;Das et al, 2013;Hudecova et al, 2012;Snitka et al, 2012;Suriyakalaa et al, 2012). Biologically synthesized silver and gold NPs have the advantage that the residual amounts of the plant extract adsorb onto the final NP surface and can enhance therapeutic effects while reducing toxicity (Tripathi et al, 2009;Umashankari et al, 2012).…”

Section: R Bell and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biologically synthesized silver and gold NPs have the advantage that the residual amounts of the plant extract adsorb onto the final NP surface and can enhance therapeutic effects while reducing toxicity (Tripathi et al, 2009;Umashankari et al, 2012). Some investigators include plant extracts, phytochemicals and antioxidants in their manufacturing methods to change surface properties and thereby reduce the cellular toxicity potential of certain metal NPs, e.g., silver NPs (Du et al, 2012;Hudecova et al, 2012;Lee et al, 2012a;Mittal et al, 2013;Osborne et al, 2012;Park et al, 2012;Suriyakalaa et al, 2012;Tournebize et al, 2012).…”

Section: R Bell and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Effects of Nanoparticles: Biological Variability from Hormetic Doses, Small Particle Sizes, and Dynamic Adaptive Interactions

2013

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Researchers are increasingly focused on the nanoscale level of organization where biological processes take place in living systems. Nanoparticles (NPs, e.g., 1-100 nm diameter) are small forms of natural or manufactured source material whose properties differ markedly from those of the respective bulk forms of the "same" material. Certain NPs have diagnostic and therapeutic uses; some NPs exhibit low-dose toxicity; other NPs show ability to stimulate low-dose adaptive responses (hormesis). Beyond dose, size, shape, and surface charge variations of NPs evoke nonlinear responses in complex adaptive systems. NPs acquire unique size-dependent biological, chemical, thermal, optical, electromagnetic, and atom-like quantum properties. Nanoparticles exhibit high surface adsorptive capacity for other substances, enhanced bioavailability, and ability to cross otherwise impermeable cell membranes including the blood-brain barrier. With super-potent effects, nano-forms can evoke cellular stress responses or therapeutic effects not only at lower doses than their bulk forms, but also for longer periods of time. Interactions of initial effects and compensatory systemic responses can alter the impact of NPs over time. Taken together, the data suggest the need to downshift the dose-response curve of NPs from that for bulk forms in order to identify the necessarily decreased no-observed-adverse-effect-level and hormetic dose range for nanoparticles.

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Hepatocurative activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles fabricated using Andrographis paniculata

Cited by 127 publications

References 47 publications

The silver lining: towards the responsible and limited usage of silver

The silver lining: towards the responsible and limited usage of silver

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using reducing agents obtained from natural sources (Rumex hymenosepalus extracts)

Nonlinear Effects of Nanoparticles: Biological Variability from Hormetic Doses, Small Particle Sizes, and Dynamic Adaptive Interactions

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