Hepatocellular carcinoma with central nervous system metastasis: A case report and literature review

Friedman, Howard

doi:10.1002/mpo.2950190215

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…6,7 In our case, no other secondary site of metastasis except isolated metastasis at the apical portion of the right lung was discovered. Although brain metastasis may arise from primary sites in various organs and tissues, they are frequently seen with bronchogenic, breast, and prostate cancers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The cytomorphology of intracranial metastases of HCC received little attention in previous reports, which concentrated mostly on the clinical aspects. 6,8 Cytologically, the tumor cells have an appearance similar to that seen in histologic sections. There are frequently cohesive clusters with a suggestion of trabecular formation of abnormal liver cells lined by sinusoidal cells have been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The invasive behavior of HCC is only local, and mainly involves the regional lymph-node, gallbladder, diaphragm, serosa, hepatic veins, and portal vein. 6 It mainly metastasizes by hematic route. Another pattern of metastasis is through the vertebra.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytologic diagnosis of brain metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma by squash preparation

et al. 2006

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasizes to the brain is rare instances. In published series and case reports of metastatic HCC, diagnosis of central nervous system metastases has been determined by histologic methods. We present a case of metastatic HCC of brain diagnosed by squash cytologic preparation. A 69-year-old male, HCV positive, suffering from post-hepatitic cirrhosis, initially diagnosed at age 68 with HCC presented with headaches of increasing frequency and severity. A computed tomography scan confirmed a 3-cm nodule in the right parietal lobe of the brain. Squash cytology was performed intraoperatively and preparations of a small tissue fragment resected from the mass showed medium-to-large-sized, well-cohesive clusters or sheets of uniform tumor cells. The tumor cells are highly cellular and contain solitary tumor cells in loose groupings as well as many fragments. They also appear somewhat bizarre and contain large, round, or ovoid nuclei with prominent nucleoli. Cytologic diagnosis of metastatic HCC was rendered reported and confirmed by a subsequent frozen section examination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case in which HCC was reported as brain metastasis, by using squash cytology. We suggest that intraoperative squash cytologic examination be viewed as a useful initial approach in the diagnosis of metastatic brain tumor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Cytologic diagnosis of brain metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma by squash preparation

et al. 2006

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“…Spontaneous EDH due to dural metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma is very rare and to the authors' knowledge, it has been reported only 6 cases in the literature 5,10,12,[15][16][17] . It has been well known that hepatocellular carcinoma has a characteristic of high risk of bleeding tendency due to hepatic failure and formation of neoangiogenesis 6) . It usually spreads to regional lymph nodes around the porta hepatis via lymphatics, but it can also spread hematogenously via intrahepatic vein, portal vein, and hepatic artery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Intracranial Epidural Hematoma Originating from Dural Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Kim

Yoon

Bae

et al. 2010

J Korean Neurosurg Soc

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J Korean Neurosurg Soc 48 : [166][167][168][169] 2010 Spontaneous intracranial epidural hematoma (EDH) due to dural metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma is very rare. A 53-year-old male patient with hepatocellular carcinoma, who was admitted to the department of oncology, was referred to department of neurosurgery because of sudden mental deterioration to semicoma with papillary anisocoria and decerebrate rigidity after transarterial chemoembolization for hepatoma. Brain computed tomography (CT) revealed large amount of acute EDH with severe midline shifting. An emergent craniotomy and evacuation of EDH was performed. Active bleeding from middle cranial fossa floor was identified. There showed osteolytic change on the middle fossa floor with friable mass-like lesion spreading on the overlying dura suggesting metastasis. Pathological examination revealed anaplastic cells with sinusoidal arrangement which probably led to spontaneous hemorrhage and formation of EDH. As a rare cause of spontaneous EDH, dural metastasis from malignancy should be considered. KEY WORDS :Spontaneous epidural hematoma˙ Hepatocellular carcinoma˙ Dural metastasis.

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“…We report herein a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who was suspected of having spinal lesions based on neurological findings, and a metastatic spinal tumor could be diagnosed by imaging examination. Since there have been very few case reports of spinal metastasis from HCC [1][2][3] , we report this case with discussion of the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A patient with spinal metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma discovered from neurological findings

Tamaki

Shimizu²,

Urata³

et al. 2007

WJG

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Although spinal tumors are uncommon, they may reduce survival or cause serious functional disorders in the extremities. Metastatic spinal tumors from malignant tumors can induce symptoms of spinal cord compression, such as paraplegia, quadriplegia, and vesicorectal disturbance, which are aggravated with progression of the diseases and time. We report a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who was suspected of having spinal lesions based on neurological findings, and a metastatic spinal tumor was found by imaging examination. Assuming that metastasis had occurred at the time lumbar pain developed, the patient reached the level of gait disturbance within only 4 mo, showing a rapid advancement of symptoms. If early diagnosis had been possible, treatment could be performed before acute myelopathy progressed to complete paralysis. We speculate that the terminal stage of HCC is not only liver failure associated with intrahepatic lesions but also metastasis to other regions, treatment for individual pathologies therefore, will be needed, which constitutes an important issue.

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Hepatocellular carcinoma with central nervous system metastasis: A case report and literature review

Cited by 23 publications

References 8 publications

Cytologic diagnosis of brain metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma by squash preparation

Cytologic diagnosis of brain metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma by squash preparation

Spontaneous Intracranial Epidural Hematoma Originating from Dural Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A patient with spinal metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma discovered from neurological findings

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