Hepatitis B virus infection profile in hemodialysis patients in Central Brazil: prevalence, risk factors, and genotypes

Ferreira, Renata Cristina; Teles, Sheila Araújo; Dias, Miguel Joaquim; Tavares, Viviane Rodrigues; Silva, Simonne A.; Gomes, Saint Clair; Yoshida, Clara Fumiko Tachibana; Martins, Regina Maria Bringel

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762006000600019

Cited by 54 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In a previous study on 8615 adult hemodialysis patients from 308 dialysis centers in Western Europe and the United States, the prevalence of HBV infection ranged from 0% to 6.6% (13). In developing countries, the prevalence of HBV infection varies from 2% to 20% in patients with hemodialysis (14)(15)(16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Prevalence of HIV, HCV, and HBV Among Hemodialysis Patients Attending Duhok Hemodialysis Center

2017

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Background: Blood-borne viral infection is a public health problem, especially in high-risk patients, including those with renal failure. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: In this study, 94 patients were recruited and examined for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), HCV antibodies (HCVAb), and HIV using ELISA assay. HCV positivity was confirmed via real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The patients were followed-up by testing their blood samples for HBsAg, HCVAb, and HIV on a monthly basis. Results: At the beginning of the study, 3 out of 94 (3.2%) patients were HBsAg positive. In addition, 4 out of 94 (4.3%) patients were HCVAb positive; HCV-positive patients were confirmed via RT-PCR. In addition, three new samples (2 males and 1 female) became HCVAb positive during the follow up. New cases of infection might be associated with exposure to inadequately sterilized dialysis. All the recruited patients were negative for HIV throughout the study. Conclusions:The prevalence of HBsAg and HCV positivity in subjects undergoing hemodialysis was comparable to most neighboring countries. Strict infection control measures should be taken to prevent infection transmission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Prevalence of HIV, HCV, and HBV Among Hemodialysis Patients Attending Duhok Hemodialysis Center

2017

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“…Studies on the distribution of HBV genotypes in Brazil and the Amazon also show that in the northern region, genotype A is the most common, followed by genotype D and genotype F 12,[17][18][19] . However, other studies performed in the Brazilian Amazon revealed that genotype F is more prevalent [20][21][22] .…”

Section: Ethical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of the hepatitis B virus in autochthonous and endogenous populations in the Western Brazilian Amazon

Dias

Oliveira

Castilho

et al. 2012

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious public health issue worldwide. Hepatitis B virus is classified into eight genotypes, varying from A to H, with distinct geographical distributions. In Brazil, the most frequent genotypes are A, D, and F. METHODS: This study aimed to characterize the HBV genotypes in cases of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis D virus (HDV) co-infections in an endemic area in the Western Brazilian Amazon. We analyzed 86 serum samples reactive for HBsAg from indigenous and non-indigenous populations obtained from previous serological surveys. RESULTS: Of the 86 reactive serum samples, 39 were found to be HBV-DNA-positive by semi-nested PCR. The genotypes were established by sequencing the amplified S gene region. We obtained 20 sequences classified into three genotypes: A, D, and F. Genotype A was the most frequent (60%), followed by D (35%) and F (5%). CONCLUSIONS: The distribution of the HBV genotypes reflected the pattern of historical occupation of the region.

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“…Many recent reports involving Brazilian non-profit public clinics have revealed a high prevalence of HBV. Ferreira et al (2006) analysed 1,095 HD patients from Goiás and observed that 272 (24.8%) tested positive against anti-hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) and anti-hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs); hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was also detected in 26 of them (2.4%). Albuquerque et al (2009) observed that 29.4% of patients under HD from five clinics in Recife (Pernambuco, Brazil) tested positive against anti-HBc antibody and HBsAg was detected in 3.3% of patients.…”

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confidence: 99%

HBV markers in haemodialysis Brazilian patients: a prospective 12-month follow-up

Moreira

Deguti²,

Lemos

et al. 2010

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) among haemodialysis (HD) subjects and to evaluate whether testing for serological markers at the time of admission is suitable for HBV screening in this population. One hundred twenty-three patients belonging to two HD centres from SãoPaulo, Brazil, were tested prospectively. HBV DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and HBsAg was detected in 3.3% of patients. These authors were in agreement that 54% of patients were either positive for HBsAg, HBV DNA or both. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the incidence of HBV among HD patients and to evaluate whether testing for serological markers at the time of admission is suitable for HBV screening in this population.All patients (n = 123) undergoing treatment in two HD centres from March 1997-April 1998 were included in this study. The study protocol was submitted and approved by the Ethical Committee of Adolfo Lutz Institute and an informed consent was obtained from each patient. These facilities were considered to be representative of local (São Paulo, Brazil) standard HD services. Both units were comparable in terms of the budget per subject, presence of an isolated area for HBV and HCV patients, recommendation of HBV vaccination for patients and staff and isolation of HBsAg-positive patients to the last shift of the HBV room. These HD centres had standard conditions as determined by Brazilian competent organs and by the CDC guidelines, including isolation of HBsAg-positive patients in a separate room and assignment of staff members to HBsAg-positive patients, but not to HBV-susceptible patients during the same shift, as well as assignment of a supply tray to each patient (CDC 2001, MS 2004.HD patients had previously received four doses of 40 µg of Engerix™ B, administered intramuscularly at zero, one, two and six months. Once a year, anti-HBs is quantified and one dose of vaccine is administered, if necessary. Patients had 10 mL of blood drawn from arterial-venous fistula just before the HD procedure, at the time of admission and on a monthly basis. Therefore, a total of 1,476 serum samples were obtained and separated into the following three aliquots: serological tests, PCR and reconfirmation, if necessary. Samples were stored at -20°C in a separate freezer.The first and the last samples from each patient were tested for HBV DNA using DNA extraction and nested PCR (core fragment) techniques, as previously described (Kaneko et al. 1989). All 1,476 samples were tested for HBsAg, total anti-HBc and anti-HBs antibodies using commercially available ELISA kits (Hepanostika™ Uni-

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Hepatitis B virus infection profile in hemodialysis patients in Central Brazil: prevalence, risk factors, and genotypes

Abstract: Hemodialysis patients are at high risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. A survey was conducted in

Cited by 54 publications

References 17 publications

The Prevalence of HIV, HCV, and HBV Among Hemodialysis Patients Attending Duhok Hemodialysis Center

The Prevalence of HIV, HCV, and HBV Among Hemodialysis Patients Attending Duhok Hemodialysis Center

Molecular characterization of the hepatitis B virus in autochthonous and endogenous populations in the Western Brazilian Amazon

HBV markers in haemodialysis Brazilian patients: a prospective 12-month follow-up

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