Hepatitis A virus: Host interactions, molecular epidemiology and evolution

Vaughan, Gilberto; Rossi, Liana Chesini; Forbi, Joseph C.; Paula, Vanessa Salete de; Purdy, Michael A.; Xia, Guoliang; Khudyakov, Yury

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2013.10.023

Cited by 133 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 218 publications

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“…The Hepatitis A virus (HAV) exhibits three main 'genotypes' I, II and III with a worldwide distribution (Vaughan et al, 2014). Within these main 'genotypes' (near-clades), various subtypes (IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB) can be identified and occur sympatrically (RD pattern).…”

Section: Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is no experimental evidence for it, and it can be suspected that MCIs in bacteria are grossly underestimated. In viruses, lack of recombinants in HAV has been explained by starving sex (Vaughan et al, 2014). However, MCIs are recorded for this virus in Korea and Japan.…”

Section: The 'Starving Sex' Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In viruses, selection and non-selective epidemiological processes have been inferred to account for RNA viruses' population structure (Grenfell et al, 2004). Purging selection is considered a main factor driving HAV population structure (Vaughan et al, 2014). Similarly, natural selection has been inferred as a major parameter for Toxoplasma population structure (Su et al, 2003).…”

Section: Can Predominant Clonal Evolution Features Be Explained By Namentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is Predominant Clonal Evolution a Common Evolutionary Adaptation to Parasitism in Pathogenic Parasitic Protozoa, Fungi, Bacteria, and Viruses?

Tibayrenc

Ayala

2017

Advances in Parasitology

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Section: Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The 'Starving Sex' Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Can Predominant Clonal Evolution Features Be Explained By Namentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Is Predominant Clonal Evolution a Common Evolutionary Adaptation to Parasitism in Pathogenic Parasitic Protozoa, Fungi, Bacteria, and Viruses?

Tibayrenc

Ayala

2017

Advances in Parasitology

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“…On the basis of genome sequence divergence, all viruses infecting humans have been classified in genotypes (I-IV), further divided into two sub-genotypes (A and B) (Costa-Mattioli et al, 2003). Genotypes and subgenotypes show different geographic distribution (Vaughan et al, 2014). Subtype IA appears to be responsible for the majority of hepatitis A cases worldwide whereas subtype IB viruses have been mainly found in the Mediterranean region (Nainan et al, 2006 andPinto et al, 2007), although they may be reported elsewhere too (Sanchez et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of Foodborne Hepatitis A virus Outbreaks in the Fresh Foods

et al. 2017

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HEPATITIS A virus (HAV) is one of the most widespread foodborne pathogens and the cause of viral hepatitis. Fresh foods can be considered as a vector of transmission for HAV when contaminated by spoiled irrigation water or when prepared by infected food handlers. To improve microbiological detection and to increase insights into the contribution of fruit and vegetables to foodborne viral transmission, sensitive and standardized methods are needed. Two outlet drainage water samples from El-Mariotia and El-Gable Elasfar canals (Nile River) were collected in each month starting from March 2015 over a period of 12 months. As well as vegetables and fruit samples (lettuce, green onion and strawberry) were irrigated and washed with drainage water were also collected. Samples were extracted and concentrated for viral analysis. Strawberry and lettuce foods collected from El-Mariotia and lettuce from El-Gable Elasfar gave positive serological results by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was successfully used to detect the virus in strawberry and lettuce samples using HAV-specific primers, designed to amplify a 500 bp fragment covering VP1/2A gene in HAV. The VP1/2A gene was sequenced and the nucleotide sequence similarity was in the range of 95-99.1% between HAV-Eg isolate and 30 HAV sequences retrieved from GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that HAV-Eg isolate was grouped into a clade comprising Egyptian HAV isolates sub-genotype IB. Phylogenetic tree of nucleotides sequence showed that HAV sub-genotype IB is the circulating strain.

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“…[1][2][3] In addition, serologic evidence suggests that tens of millions of new HAV infections occur each year. 4,5 HAV also causes the second most common vaccinepreventable travel-associated infectious disease. 6 HAV exposure in unprotected adults may result in severe and serious symptoms, with the likelihood of associated morbidity and mortality increasing with age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A retrospective pooled analysis assessing the effect of age on the immunogenicity ofHavrix™ in healthy adults

Meeren¹,

Crasta

Ridder

2015

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Over recent decades, the global incidence of hepatitis A virus infection has been reduced by improvements in sanitation infrastructure and through immunization programs. The immunogenicity and field efficacy of the inactivated hepatitis A vaccine (Havrix TM , GSK, Belgium) has been demonstrated in clinical trials, population-impact studies as well as in several outbreak settings. However, immunological data in older populations are limited, with only few studies assessing the immune response of this vaccine in adults aged 40 years. This retrospective pooled analysis of 4 2-dose primary vaccination studies compared the immunogenicity and safety of the inactivated hepatitis A vaccine in adults aged 40 years with subjects aged 20-30 years (control group; N D 80 in each group). Fifteen days after the first vaccine dose, 79.7% (95% CI: 68.8-88.2) and 92.3% (95% CI: 84.0-97.1) of subjects were seropositive in the 40 years and control groups, respectively; 97.5% (95% CI: 91.2-99.7) and 97.4% (95% CI: 91.0-99.7), respectively, were seropositive one month after the first dose. All subjects in both groups (95% CIs: 95.4-100 and 95.3-100, respectively) were seropositive one month after the second dose. Safety profiles were similar in both groups. In conclusion, the inactivated hepatitis A vaccine induced similar immune responses in adults aged 40 and 20-30 years one month after the first and second dose whereas younger subjects may demonstrate a higher seroconversion rate 15 days after the first dose.

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Hepatitis A virus: Host interactions, molecular epidemiology and evolution

Cited by 133 publications

References 218 publications

Is Predominant Clonal Evolution a Common Evolutionary Adaptation to Parasitism in Pathogenic Parasitic Protozoa, Fungi, Bacteria, and Viruses?

Is Predominant Clonal Evolution a Common Evolutionary Adaptation to Parasitism in Pathogenic Parasitic Protozoa, Fungi, Bacteria, and Viruses?

Monitoring of Foodborne Hepatitis A virus Outbreaks in the Fresh Foods

A retrospective pooled analysis assessing the effect of age on the immunogenicity ofHavrix™ in healthy adults

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