Hepatic steatosis index: A simple screening tool reflecting nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Validation of simple indexes for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in western China: a retrospective cross-sectional study

“…After that, Bedogni et al [7] also proposed LAP as a very simple test to indicate the presence of hepatic steatosis. In Asia, Lee et al [6] developed HSI, using a cross-sectional study in Seoul, South Korea, while Ichino et al [23] derived a screening tool, named the NAFLD index, in Hokkaido, Japan. Besides, Wang et al [24] and Fuyan et al [25] proposed ZJU index and FLD index, individually, in eastern China.…”

“…In this study, eight indexes, i.e. FLI [5], LAP [7,28] (derived in Europe), FSI [29] (derived in USA), FLD index [25], HSI [6], Korea index (by Park et al [30], no official name), NAFLD index [23] and ZJU index [24,31] (derived in East Asia), were included and validated, using a large population of 13,122 subjects in western China. This study confirmed the significance of FLI as a predictor of NAFLD.…”

“…The fatty liver index (FLI) [5], the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) [6] and lipid accumulation product (LAP) [7] have been derived and utilized to screen hepatic steatosis in large epidemiologic studies or identify potential patients for further examination in clinical practice. The evaluation of the indexes' diagnostic performance has been reported in Europe [8] and Asia [9,10] over the past decade; however, external validation of them in western China is rare.…”

External validation of the fatty liver index and lipid accumulation product indices, using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, to identify hepatic steatosis in healthy controls and obese, insulin-resistant individuals

“…Only histological examination or proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS) can quantitatively assess liver fat (more exactly, hepatocellular lipid content) (3,4). Non-invasive algorithms based on metabolic and anthropometric variables, such as the fatty liver index (FLI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), the hepatic steatosis index (HIS) and the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) (6,7,8,9,10,11), have been used as a screening test for hepatic steatosis and identify potential patients for further clinical investigation or for epidemiologic studies. They have been applied in various clinical populations to assess prevalence of NAFLD (12) and to provide prognostic information about incident risk of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and risk of mortality in various sub-groups (13,14,15,16,17,18).…”

Diagnostic accuracy of a noninvasive hepatic ultrasound score for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)

“…Moreover, using one examination as a strategy for screening for NAFLD has the advantage of being more cost-efficient while maintaining sensitivity and specificity and does not require evaluation of additional biomarkers, as suggested by other clinical indices. 25,37 Our study has limitations, such as the small sample size, which did not have sufficient power to perform ROC analyses across all degrees of hepatic steatosis (mild, moderate and severe). In addition, in this subsample, 64-MDCT was used to assess cross-tabulations of ultrasonography versus a standard imaging technique, because hepatic biopsy would not be feasible due to ethical constraints.…”