Hemocyte-Mediated Phagocytosis in Crustaceans

Liu, Shan; Zheng, Suiping; Li, Yanlian; Li, Jun; Liu, Haipeng

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00268

Cited by 80 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Phagocytosis is a crucial defense mechanism against bacteria and viruses in shrimp. Many types of genes are involved in phagocytosis, such as receptors for recognition, downstream signal pathways, and intracellular regulators ( Liu et al, 2020 ). In kuruma shrimp M. japonicus , integrin alpha PS is reported as a marker for hemocytes that mediates phagocytosis ( Koiwai et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In kuruma shrimp M. japonicus , integrin alpha PS is reported as a marker for hemocytes that mediates phagocytosis ( Koiwai et al, 2018 ). However, it is reported that different subpopulations of hemocytes seem to exhibit specific preferences of different bacteria or viruses in phagocytosis ( Liu et al, 2020 ). Since there are many cascades for phagocytosis and various molecules work together, it is difficult to determine which cluster is centralized, but various phagocytosis-related genes are expressed relatively strongly in Hem 5 ( Figure 8—figure supplement 4 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single-cell RNA-seq analysis reveals penaeid shrimp hemocyte subpopulations and cell differentiation process

Koiwai

Koyama

Tsuda³

et al. 2021

eLife

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Crustacean aquaculture is expected to be a major source of fishery commodities in the near future. Hemocytes are key players of the immune system in shrimps; however, their classification, maturation, and differentiation are still under debate. To date, only discrete and inconsistent information on the classification of shrimp hemocytes has been reported, showing that the morphological characteristics are not sufficient to resolve their actual roles. Our present study using single-cell RNA sequencing, revealed six types of hemocytes of Marsupenaeus japonicus based on their transcriptional profiles. We identified markers of each subpopulation and predicted the differentiation pathways involved in their maturation. We also predicted cell growth factors that might play crucial roles in hemocyte differentiation. Different immune roles among these subpopulations were suggested from the analysis of differentially expressed immune-related genes. These results provide a unified classification of shrimp hemocytes, which improves the understanding of its immune system.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-cell RNA-seq analysis reveals penaeid shrimp hemocyte subpopulations and cell differentiation process

Koiwai

Koyama

Tsuda³

et al. 2021

eLife

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“…Cytoskeletal proteins, including myosin regulatory light chain (MRLC), myosin light chain (MLC), and tubulin α and β chains, were found to be significantly upregulated after M. bicuspidata infection. It is well known that cytoskeletal proteins are essential for phagocytosis, which is an important innate immune response of crustaceans ( 28 , 29 ). The basic structure of myosin in vertebrate and invertebrate muscles is identical.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic Analysis of the Hemolymph After Metschnikowia bicuspidata Infection in the Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis

et al. 2021

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The “milky disease” of the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, is a highly lethal fungal disease caused by Metschnikowia bicuspidata infection. To elucidate the immune responses of the hemolymph of E. sinensis to M. bicuspidata infection, a comparative analysis of the hemolymph of E. sinensis infected with M. bicuspidata and that treated with phosphate buffered saline was performed using label-free quantitative proteomics. A total of 429 proteins were identified. Using a 1.5-fold change in expression as a physiologically significant benchmark, 62 differentially expressed proteins were identified, of which 38 were significantly upregulated and 24 were significantly downregulated. The upregulated proteins mainly included cytoskeleton-related proteins (myosin regulatory light chain 2, myosin light chain alkali, tubulin α-2 chain, and tubulin β-1 chain), serine protease and serine protease inhibitor (clip domain-containing serine protease, leukocyte elastase inhibitor, serine protein inhibitor 42Dd), catalase, transferrin, and heat shock protein 70. Upregulation of these proteins indicated that phenoloxidase system, phagocytosis and the ROS systems were induced by M. bicuspidata. The downregulated proteins were mainly organ and tissue regeneration proteins (PDGF/VEGF-related factor protein, integrin-linked protein kinase homing pat-4 gene) and hemagglutination-associated proteins (hemolymph clottable protein, hemocyte protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase). Downregulation of these proteins indicated that M. bicuspidata inhibited hemocyte regeneration and hemolymph agglutination. Fifteen differentially expressed proteins related to immunity were verified using a parallel reaction monitoring method. The expression trend of these proteins was similar to that of the proteome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the proteome of E. sinensis in response to M. bicuspidata infection. These results not only provide new and important information on the immune response of crustaceans to yeast infection but also provide a basis for further understanding the molecular mechanism of complex host pathogen interactions between crustaceans and fungi.

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“…Besides the CTLs, the I-type lectin hemolin SeHem from S. exigua also helped the host cells to eliminate bacteria by enhancing phagocytosis [62]. Galectins from crustaceans have been reported to enhance host phagocytosis [107] but there are no such reports for insect galectins.…”

Section: Lectin-induced Cellular Immunity 421 Phagocytosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Plant Lectins Help to Elucidate Insect Lectin-Mediated Immune Response?

Chen

Schutter

Damme

et al. 2021

Insects

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Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that recognize and selectively bind to specific sugar structures. This group of proteins is widespread in plants, animals, and microorganisms, and exerts a broad range of functions. Many plant lectins were identified as exogenous stimuli of vertebrate immunity. Despite being the largest and most diverse taxon on earth, the study of lectins and their functions in insects is lagging behind. In insects, research on lectins and their biological importance has mainly focused on the C-type lectin (CTL) family, limiting our global understanding of the function of insect lectins and their role in insect immunity. In contrast, plant lectins have been well characterized and the immunomodulatory effects of several plant lectins have been documented extensively in vertebrates. This information could complement the missing knowledge on endogenous insect lectins and contribute to understanding of the processes and mechanisms by which lectins participate in insect immunity. This review summarizes existing studies of immune responses stimulated by endogenous or exogenous lectins. Understanding how lectins modulate insect immune responses can provide insight which, in turn, can help to elaborate novel ideas applicable for the protection of beneficial insects and the development of novel pest control strategies.

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Hemocyte-Mediated Phagocytosis in Crustaceans

Cited by 80 publications

References 70 publications

Single-cell RNA-seq analysis reveals penaeid shrimp hemocyte subpopulations and cell differentiation process

Single-cell RNA-seq analysis reveals penaeid shrimp hemocyte subpopulations and cell differentiation process

Proteomic Analysis of the Hemolymph After Metschnikowia bicuspidata Infection in the Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis

Can Plant Lectins Help to Elucidate Insect Lectin-Mediated Immune Response?

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