Hematopoietic Stem Cell: Regulation and Nutritional Intervention

Abstract

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are crucial for the life maintenance of bio-organisms. However, the mechanism of HSC regulation is intricate. Studies have shown that there are various factors, either intrinsically or extrinsically, that shape the profile of HSCs. This review systematically summarizes the intrinsic factors (i.e., RNA-binding protein, modulators in epigenetics and enhancer–promotor-mediated transcription) that are reported to play a pivotal role in the function of HSCs, therapies for bone marrow transplantation, and the relationship between HSCs and autoimmune diseases. It also demonstrates the current studies on the effects of high-fat diets and nutrients (i.e., vitamins, amino acids, probiotics and prebiotics) on regulating HSCs, providing a deep insight into the future HSC research.

The Critical Exploration into Current Evidence behind the Role of the Nutritional Support in Adult Patients Who Undergo Haematogenic Stem Cell Transplantation

“…Vitamin C (ascorbate) is a water-soluble vitamin and its main function is to act as an antioxidant. It also influences the synthesis of connective tissue-building collagen, corticosteroids, and some neurotransmitters, and is important in iron absorption and haematopoiesis [ 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 ]. Much evidence suggests the involvement of vitamin C in immune enhancement processes [ 104 ].…”

Vaccination with a Protective Ipa Protein-Containing Nanoemulsion Differentially Alters the Transcriptomic Profiles of Young and Elderly Mice following Shigella Infection

“…Macrophages and dendritic cells exhibit reduced phagocytosis and antigen presentation capabilities. Increased pro-inflammatory cytokines also contribute to chronic inflammation in elderly mice [20,21]. Moreover, the differential expression of genes in aged immune cells has been seen, which impacts the overall immune function and the body's response to infection [21].…”