Hematological and immunological development from birth to six months of age in Holstein calves

Abstract

The hematological and immunological development of calves from birth to 6 months of age was performed by hemogram and cellular phenotype. Ten male Holstein calves were assessed in 13 moments: before colostrum intake (D0), every 2 days until the 10th day of life (D2 to D10), at the 15th day after birth (D15), and then monthly up to 6 months (D180). Calves presented hemoconcentration on day (D) 0 and showed a gradual decrease in hematimetric rates until D180. The inversion of the neutrophilic for lymphocytic profile was observed on D4. The percentage of CD3+ cells on D10 was higher than D30 up to D180. The number of CD4+ and CD8+ cells did not change between time points. The number of CD21+ lymphocytes was significantly higher at early time points of D0 up to D15, compared on D30 until D150. In conclusion, the neonatal period was marked by stress leukogram in the first 4 days, and low number of B lymphocytes. These might be risk factors for bacterial infections responsible for navel inflammation and diarrhea. The increase in the number of B cells from 30 days of age demonstrated that the calves were functional and able to generate an immune response.

Early supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM I-1079 in newborn dairy calves increases IgA production in the intestine at 1 week of age

“…Even if only a substantial and nonbiologically relevant concentration of IgA was reported in the blood of 2-wk-old calves (Chase et al, 2008), little is known about the potential endogenous production and role of IgA in the gut of 1-wk-old calves. Intestinal IgA originates from B cells that are already present at birth, reaching a concentration of 3.95 × 10 2 /µL (9% of total lymphocytes) at d 6 of age in calves (Baccili et al, 2018). The molecule CD79α is a part of B-cell receptor complex and plays a functional role in B-cell signaling and class switching (Reth, 1992;DeFranco, 1993).…”

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“…,Benesi et al (2012b),Novo et al (2015),Baccili et al (2018).The alterations present in the leucogram of newborn calves are compatible with the stress leucogram, being characterized by neutrophilia with lymphopenia, monocytopenia and low eosinophil counts(ROCHA et al, 2010) Benesi et al (2012b). observed a greater count of total leucocytes in animals with 0 to 8 hours of life, with the neutrophils responsible for this increase.…”

“…Benesi, (2012a) reported no changes in erythrogram components (RBC, hemoglobin and PCV) in calves from birth up to 30 days of life. Baccili et al (2018) also did not find difference for RBC, hemoglobin and PCV values between animals with 2 days until 80 days of age.…”

“…On the other hand, , Batista et al 2015 The intense and uncontrolled innate immune response can turn on an inflammatory status. In this context, red blood cells (RBC) and write blood cells (WBC) parameters represent as important tool to detect the inflammatory profile in dairy calves (KNOWLES et al, 2000, BENESI et al, 2012aNOVO et al, 2015;BACCILI et al, 2018). However, it could be interpretative with caution due to the physiological agevariation in the first months of life and the standardizing of the technique used to establish the reference values.…”

Comparative of Neutrophils and Lymphocyte Ratio for Dairy Cattle in Prepartum and Postpartum Condition

“…Pada penelitian ini, hasil pemeriksaan hematologi pada sapi perah berumur muda dan kebuntingan pertama menunjukkan neutrofil dan rasio N/L yang tinggi pada prepartum maupun postpartum. Sapi FH pada saat lahir memiliki neutrofil yang paling tinggi (Baccili et al, 2018). Namun, sensitivitas limfosit sapi terhadap kortikosteroid menurun seiring dengan bertambahnya usia karena sel hewan dewasa selama stres berproliferasi jauh lebih baik daripada sel-sel dari anak sapi neonatus dengan resistensi sterois yang lebih rendah (Jacob et al, 2001).…”