Helminthiasis and Gram Negative Enteric Bacteria in Freshwater Fish from Selected Lakes of Haramaya District, Ethiopia

Abstract

Microbiological and helminthiasis examination of fish from Tinike and Adelle Lakes were conducted at Haramaya District, Ethiopia. The types of fish available in the lakes were also assessed. Adelle Lake has only Clarias gariepinus while the Tinike Lake has only Oreochromis niloticus fish species. Ten fish of each species, 20 in total, were collected from the lakes and post-mortem examined for the presence of adult helminthiasis in the body parts. Twelve samples from different body parts of each fish, 240 samples in total, and 11 samples of lakes water were aseptically collected and examined for gram-negative enteric bacteria. No adult parasites were observed in fish from Adelle Lake. However, 15% and 20% of the fish from Tinike Lake had cestodes in their intestine, and nematodes in their heart respectively. Of 251 total samples from fish and the lake water, 178 (70.9%) were positive for pathogenic microbial. Except for muscle tissue to which only 5% are positive, 50% and above samples were found positive for some Gram's-negative bacteria. From total of fish and water sample, 43%, 36.3%, 15.1%, 12.8%, and 1.2% are positive for Proteus, E. coli, Salmonella, Yersinia and Klebsiella respectively in the descending order. Two bacterial genera, Proteus and E. coli (13.6%), Proteus and Yersinia (2%), Proteus and Salmonella (4%), E. coli and Yersinia (2%), E. coli and Salmonella (1.2%), and E .coli and Klebsiella (0.4%) while triplet of genera Proteus, E. coli and Yersinia (6%), Proteus, E. coli and Salmonella (0.8%), and Proteus, E. coli and salmonella (0.4%) were observed. Salmonella spp. was not detected from fish from Lake Adelle compared to the 30% in fish from Lake Tinike (P<0.0001). Proper cooking of fish could destroy those spoilage and public health risk. Observing similar levels of gram-negative enteric bacteria in the fish and water suggesting contaminated water as a source for the fish contamination.

Levels of Escherichia coli as Bio-Indicator of Contamination of Fish Food and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern Along the Value Chain in Northwest Ethiopia

“…For tetracycline, 55.6%, 8.3% and 36.1% of the isolates were resistant, intermediate and susceptible, respectively. Much research indicates that E. coli is not responding to tetracycline treatment, 45 , 46 which corresponds to the results of the current study. However, Mohammed et al 47 showed that Escherichia coli was susceptible to tetracycline.…”

Isolation and Identification of Edwardsiella Tarda from Fish in Haramaya Lake, East Hararghe Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

“…Edwardsiella infection in sh usually occurs under imbalanced environmental conditions such as high water temperature, poor water quality, and high organic content (Tesfaye et al, 2018). However, in contrary there was no report of the occurrence of E. tarda according to study conducted at selected Lake Adelle and Tinike of Haramaya District, Ethiopia in the study of helminthiasis and gram negative enteric bacteria in freshwater sh (Hiko et al, 2018).…”

Bacteria of Zoonotic Interest Identified on Edible Freshwater Fish Imported to Australia

“…Salmonella sp. has been isolated at the farm level from tilapias [ 130 , 261 , 285 ] and African sharp-tooth catfish [ 63 ], in retail catfish/other cultured freshwater fish [ 59 , 262 , 286 ] and in an array of imported seafood [ 60 , 287 , 288 , 289 , 290 , 291 ]. In the USA, the incidence of Salmonella contamination in imported raw fish was 12.2%, with Vietnam having the highest by country basis [ 60 ].…”