Hegemony and inequality: Trump and the liberal playbook

Norrlof, Carla

doi:10.1093/ia/iix262

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The pessimistic outlook on international cooperation due to zero-sum thinking was a direct consequence of this "us" versus "them" mentality. 41 Its adherents abhor constraints on US sovereignty, international institutions, and open borders for goods, services, and people as well as the entangling effect of US alliances.…”

Section: Mcgovern or Buchanan The 2009 Tea Party Merged White Isolationism With Us Isolationismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ibn Khaldûn Trap and Great Power Competition with China

Norrlof¹

2021

The Washington Quarterly

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The return of great power rivalry has been the defining feature of the 21st century. Since the beginning of the new millennium, China and Russia have openly defied the United States and upset the stability of the liberal international order. Both China and Russia share physical and material attributes possessed by the United States that are traditionally required for great power status: land mass, a sea portal, a large population, and technology to field and develop a competitive military capability. Most scholars and policymakers agree that China presents the largest challenge to US interests and the US-led liberal international order. Economic and military growth in China has been astounding, surpassing Russian expansion. China's outward extension is not primarily resource-based as is Russia's but multidimensional, posing a structural challenge to US military and economic dominance.Much ink has been spilled over the nature of US-China rivalry and whether the two great powers are destined for war. Structural factors figure prominently when predicting US-China relations. A famous deadly Greek trap describes how the fear of a hegemonic power sparks catastrophic war with a rising power. In the History of the Peloponnesian War, Thucydides writes, "What made

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Section: Mcgovern or Buchanan The 2009 Tea Party Merged White Isolationism With Us Isolationismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ibn Khaldûn Trap and Great Power Competition with China

Norrlof¹

2021

The Washington Quarterly

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“…In the last three decades, IR scientists analysed the power of the United States and assessed its declining progress (Cronin 2001;Datt 2009;Ikenberry 2001Ikenberry , 2018Nau 1990;Norrlof 2018;Nye 1990;Puchala 2005;Russett 1985;Skidmore 2005;Thompson 1990Thompson , 2006. Their views diverge on whether such decline is absolute or relative, irreversible or contingent but agree on downgrading the stature of the American hegemony since the 1970s from highly to moderately, to loosely effective stature.…”

Section: The Cycle Of the (First) American Hegemonymentioning

confidence: 99%

The World Order Lifecycle and World Power Competition

Attinà

2021

World Order Transition and the Atlantic Area

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The world has passed through the initial phase of implementation of the primary policies of the American world order and the following phase of delegitimation of such policies, the trade, finance and security policy. Though many states have been socialized to the policies of the American hegemony, the delegitimation of the American order has been growing because especially the trade and finance world policies have not been apt to face the demands of individual states and to respond to the problems of the whole system. The world is now in the transition process that will run across the coalition reconfiguration and macro-decision phase. In the current transition, three world powers, the United States, China and Russia, have potentials to lead the process by proposing the revision of the existing order and by assembling countries into the coalition able to build the new order. Transition is an open process to go through and to observe carefully. The revisionism of the three world powers is confirmed by the analysis while they are still unable to assemble the demands of large groups of states and build the coalition of the next world order. Keywords Hegemonic order • Order life cycle • Leadership • Revisionism • Coalition powerThe political order of the present world was created by the coalition of the Western countries after the two world wars over the ruins of the Great Britain-led order. Its effectiveness and legitimacy have been declining during the last thirty years of the past century. Today, the world order is going through a period of transition that is characterized by conflict and a growing number of clashes between the world powers. Predictably, such order transition will go through two phases. In the first one, each world power will push ahead her preferred world order project and organize the coalition of the countries determined to bring such project into being. Transition will be completed after the second phase, the macro-decision phase in which two

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“…The costs to working Americans of the neo-liberal agenda continued to mount in the 1990s and 2000s, even as the geopolitical rationale for bearing the burdens of global leadership became less compelling. 68 Financialization and the expansion of consumer debt helped buffer the negative impact on average Americans to some degree-until the 2008 financial crash. Yet for many middle-and workingclass Americans, globalization was no longer seen as a means to easy household credit, but rather as a source of growing income inequality, economic insecurity and social uncertainty.…”

Section: Redistribution Economic Inclusiveness and Foreign Policymentioning

confidence: 99%