Heatwave-induced human health risk assessment in megacities based on heat stress-social vulnerability-human exposure framework

Dong, Jie; Peng, Jian; He, Xiaoqiong; Corcoran, Jonathan; Qiu, Sijing; Wang, Xiaoyu

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103907

Cited by 114 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…A primary environmental risk following urbanization is the urban heat island (UHI) effect (Oke, 1982). Urban heat island effect and its associated amplified heatwave could pose extraordinary heat stress on urban organisms (Harlan et al, 2006) and cause considerable heat-related health risks for urban residents, such as increasing heat-related morbidity and mortality (Tan et al, 2010;Gabriel and Endlicher, 2011;Harlan and Ruddell, 2011;Chan et al, 2012;Dong et al, 2020). In addition, UHI can lead to an increase in energy and water consumption (Santamouris, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Cooling Effect of Pocket Green Space in High Density Urban Areas in Shanghai, China

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Recently, pocket green spaces (PGS), i.e., small green spaces, have attracted growing attention for their various ecological and social services. As a crucial part of urban green spaces in high-density urban areas, PGS facilitates recreation and relaxation for neighborhoods and thus improves the livability of cities at the local scale. However, whether and how the PGS cools the urban heat island effect is still unclear. This research was performed in the highly developed areas of the city of Shanghai during hot summer daytime. We applied a set of cooling effect indicators to estimate the cooling extent, cooling intensity, and cooling efficiency of PGS. We further examined whether and how landscape features within and surrounding the PGS influence its cooling effects. The results showed that 90% of PGS are cooler than their surroundings. Among the landscape features, the land surface temperature of PGS logarithmically decreased with its area, and the maximum local cool island intensity and maximum cooling area logarithmically increased with the area of PGS. The vegetation types and their composition within the PGS also influenced their surface temperature and the cooling effect. The PGS dominated by tree-shrub-grass showed the highest cooling efficiency. The surrounding landscape patterns, especially the patch density and the landscape shape index, influence the cooling effect of PGS at both class and landscape levels. These findings add new knowledge on factors influencing the cooling effect of PGS, and provide the biophysical theoretical basis for developing nature-based cooling strategies for urban landscape designers and planners.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Cooling Effect of Pocket Green Space in High Density Urban Areas in Shanghai, China

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Significant and increasing direct and indirect impacts of extreme temperature events on human health -excessive morbidity and mortality [2,8,, negative effects on mental health [8,53,124,[129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136], human and community well-being [1,8,30,76,86,120,126,129,130], and health care systems [57,125,137] -are becoming an increasingly urgent global problem. Much is known about health consequences of heat and cold waves [1,[42][43][44][46][47][48][49]51,55,56,62,[69][70][71][72][73][74]79,81,83,86,[93][94]...…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much is known about health consequences of heat and cold waves [1,[42][43][44][46][47][48][49]51,55,56,62,[69][70][71][72][73][74]79,81,83,86,[93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][107][108][109][110][111][112]118,121,122], wildfires associated with extreme heat events and their health outcomes [78,108], on a global and regional scale. Children, the elderly, and people with cardiopulmonary disease are recognized as the most vulnerable groups of the population to the effects of episodes with extreme temperatures [45,53,57,62,64,73,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risks to the Russian Population from Temperature Extremes at the Beginning of the XXI Century

Grigorieva

Revich

2021

Atmosphere

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Climate change and climate-sensitive disasters caused by climatic hazards have a significant and increasing direct and indirect impact on human health. Due to its vast area, complex geographical environment and various climatic conditions, Russia is one of the countries that suffers significantly from frequent climate hazards. This paper provides information about temperature extremities in Russia in the beginning of the 21st century, and their impact on human health. A literature search was conducted using the electronic databases Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, and e-Library, focusing on peer-reviewed journal articles published in English and in Russian from 2000 to 2021. The results are summarized in 16 studies, which are divided into location-based groups, including Moscow, Saint Petersburg and other large cities located in various climatic zones: in the Arctic, in Siberia and in the southern regions, in ultra-continental and monsoon climate. Heat waves in cities with a temperate continental climate lead to a significant increase in all-cause mortality than cold waves, compared with cities in other climatic zones. At the same time, in northern cities, in contrast to the southern regions and central Siberia, the influence of cold waves is more pronounced on mortality than heat waves. To adequately protect the population from the effects of temperature waves and to carry out preventive measures, it is necessary to know specific threshold values of air temperature in each city.

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“…This is supported by research showing that heatwaves further enhance the urban-rural heat disparity [ 22 ]. Dong et al [ 23 ] investigated the risk this posed to human health, finding that during a heatwave in the city of Wuhan in China, the health risk close to the city centre was 1.6 times greater than the surrounding rural areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Sensing of Heatwaves

Young

Arthur

Spruce

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Heatwaves cause thousands of deaths every year, yet the social impacts of heat are poorly measured. Temperature alone is not sufficient to measure impacts and “heatwaves” are defined differently in different cities/countries. This study used data from the microblogging platform Twitter to detect different scales of response and varying attitudes to heatwaves within the United Kingdom (UK), the United States of America (US) and Australia. At the country scale, the volume of heat-related Twitter activity increased exponentially as temperature increased. The initial social reaction differed between countries, with a larger response to heatwaves elicited from the UK than from Australia, despite the comparatively milder conditions in the UK. Language analysis reveals that the UK user population typically responds with concern for individual wellbeing and discomfort, whereas Australian and US users typically focus on the environmental consequences. At the city scale, differing responses are seen in London, Sydney and New York on governmentally defined heatwave days; sentiment changes predictably in London and New York over a 24-h period, while sentiment is more constant in Sydney. This study shows that social media data can provide robust observations of public response to heat, suggesting that social sensing of heatwaves might be useful for preparedness and mitigation.

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Heatwave-induced human health risk assessment in megacities based on heat stress-social vulnerability-human exposure framework

Cited by 114 publications

References 57 publications

Estimating the Cooling Effect of Pocket Green Space in High Density Urban Areas in Shanghai, China

Estimating the Cooling Effect of Pocket Green Space in High Density Urban Areas in Shanghai, China

Health Risks to the Russian Population from Temperature Extremes at the Beginning of the XXI Century

Social Sensing of Heatwaves

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