Heat Stress Biomarker Amino Acids and Neuropeptide Afford Thermotolerance in Chicks

Chowdhury, Vishwajit S.

doi:10.2141/jpsa.0180024

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…At hatching, RT was clearly reduced in the high-dose group (p<0.01) compared with control chicks (Figure 1A). It has been reported that TM-dependent lower RT occurred at hatching due to a lower metabolic rate before hatching [18], which resulted from a feedback of higher metabolic rate under TM during embryogenesis [9]. Previously, we found that in ovo administration of L-Leu on ED 7 stimulated metabolic activity and lipid metabolism during the middle stages of embryogenesis [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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L-Leucine increases the daily body temperature and affords thermotolerance in broiler chicks

Han

Yang

Wang

et al. 2019

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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Objective Heat stress poses an increasing threat for poultry production. Some amino acids have been found to play critical roles in affording thermotolerance. Recently, it was found that in ovo administration of L-leucine (L-Leu) altered amino acid metabolism and afforded thermotolerance in heat-exposed broiler chicks. Methods In this study, two doses (35 and 70 μmol/egg) of L-Leu were administered in ovo on embryonic day 7 to determine their effect on rectal temperature (RT), body weight (BW) and thyroid hormones at hatching. Changes in RT, BW, and thermotolerance in post-hatched chicks were also analyzed. Results It was found that in ovo administration of L-Leu dose-dependently reduced RT and plasma thyroxine (T 4 ) level just after hatching. In post-hatched neonatal broiler chicks, however, the higher dose of L-Leu administered in ovo significantly increased RT without affecting BW gain. In chicks that had been exposed to heat stress, the RT was significantly lowered by in ovo administration of L-Leu (high dose) in comparison with the control chicks under the same high ambient temperature (HT: 35°C±1°C, 120 min). Conclusion In ovo administration of L-Leu in a high dose contributed to an increased daily body temperature and afforded thermotolerance under HT in neonatal broiler chicks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Some free amino acids are recognized as biomarkers of heat stress, since they are significantly affected by heat stress [3,4]. These free amino acids play critical roles in thermoregulation, as well as in reducing body temperature in chicks under heat stress [5–9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L-Leucine increases the daily body temperature and affords thermotolerance in broiler chicks

Han

Yang

Wang

et al. 2019

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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“…High environmental temperatures, especially combined with high humidity, impose severe stress on broiler health and welfare due to poor heat tolerance, with a limited ability to regulate heat loss by feathering and without sweat glands. All these pathophysiological changes negatively affect production performance, accelerate morbidity and mortality, and cause heavy economic losses [ 89 , 90 ]. Excessive mortality due to heat stress is commonly seen in commercial broiler flocks.…”

Section: Heat Tolerance and Heat Stress In Commercial Broilersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus subtilis-Based Probiotic Improves Skeletal Health and Immunity in Broiler Chickens Exposed to Heat Stress

Jiang

Yan

et al. 2021

Animals

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The elevation of ambient temperature beyond the thermoneutral zone leads to heat stress, which is a growing health and welfare issue for homeothermic animals aiming to maintain relatively constant reproducibility and survivability. Particularly, global warming over the past decades has resulted in more hot days with more intense, frequent, and long-lasting heat waves, resulting in a global surge in animals suffering from heat stress. Heat stress causes pathophysiological changes in animals, increasing stress sensitivity and immunosuppression, consequently leading to increased intestinal permeability (leaky gut) and related neuroinflammation. Probiotics, as well as prebiotics and synbiotics, have been used to prevent or reduce stress-induced negative effects on physiological and behavioral homeostasis in humans and various animals. The current data indicate dietary supplementation with a Bacillus subtilis-based probiotic has similar functions in poultry. This review highlights the recent findings on the effects of the probiotic Bacillus subtilis on skeletal health of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. It provides insights to aid in the development of practical strategies for improving health and performance in poultry.

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“…Modern broiler chickens have been selected continuously for maximum growth rate and high feed conversion efficiency over 6-8 weeks [2], by which the breeding program affects broiler biological homeostasis, resulting in immature or impaired metabolism, immunity, and antioxidant status, as well as susceptibility to inflammation and infection. All these changes affect production performance negatively, accelerate mortality and morbidity, and consequently cause heavy economical losses [3,4]. Excessive mortality due to HS is commonly seen in commercial flocks of broilers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a Synbiotic Supplement on Fear Response and Memory Assessment of Broiler Chickens Subjected to Heat Stress

Mohammed

Mahmoud

Murugesan³

et al. 2021

Animals

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a synbiotic containing a probiotic (Enterococcus faecium, Pediococcus acidilactici, Bifidobacterium animalis, and Lactobacillus reuteri) and a prebiotic (fructooligosaccharides) on fear response, memory assessment, and selected stress indicators in broilers subjected to heat stress. A total of 360 1-day-old Ross 708 chicks were evenly divided among three treatments: a basal diet mixed with a synbiotic at 0 (G-C), 0.5 (G-0.5X), and 1.0 (G-1.0X) g/kg. After 15 d, the broilers were exposed to 32 °C for 9 h daily until 42 d. The object memory test was conducted at 15 day; touch, novel object, and isolation tests were conducted at 35 day; tonic immobility (TI) took place at 41 day. At 42 day, plasma corticosterone and tryptophan concentrations and heterophile/lymphocyte (H/L) ratios were measured. Compared to controls, synbiotic-fed broilers, regardless of concentration, had a shorter latency to make the first vocalization, with higher vocalization rates during the isolation test (p = 0.001). the G-1.0 group had the lowest H/L ratio (p = 0.001), but higher plasma tryptophan concentrations and a greater number of birds could reach the observer during the touch test (p = 0.001 and 0.043, respectively). The current results indicate that the synbiotic can be used as a growth promoter to reduce the fear response and stress state of heat-stressed broilers.

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Heat Stress Biomarker Amino Acids and Neuropeptide Afford Thermotolerance in Chicks

Cited by 30 publications

References 113 publications

L-Leucine increases the daily body temperature and affords thermotolerance in broiler chicks

L-Leucine increases the daily body temperature and affords thermotolerance in broiler chicks

Bacillus subtilis-Based Probiotic Improves Skeletal Health and Immunity in Broiler Chickens Exposed to Heat Stress

Effect of a Synbiotic Supplement on Fear Response and Memory Assessment of Broiler Chickens Subjected to Heat Stress

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