Heat inactivation of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

Batéjat, Christophe; Grassin, Quentin; Manuguerra, Jean-Claude; Leclercq, India

doi:10.1016/j.jobb.2020.12.001

Cited by 132 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…However, since control donor 2 had Covid-19, coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 had to be inactivated reliably in stomach wall samples from this donor. According to current data on the heat inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 [4,5] and an additional margin of safety, we, therefore, heated the stomach wall tissue from control donor 2 in a water bath to 65 °C for 45 min. in parafilm-sealed sample vessels prior to homogenization.…”

Section: Human Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmissible α-synuclein seeding activity in brain and stomach of patients with Parkinson’s disease

et al. 2021

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Cerebral deposition of abnormally aggregated α-synuclein (αSyn) is a neuropathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD-associated αSyn (αSynPD) aggregates can act as proteinaceous nuclei (“seeds”) able of self-templated propagation. Since this is strikingly reminiscent to properties of proteinaceous infectious particles (prions), lessons learned from prion diseases suggest to test whether transferred αSynPD can propagate and induce neurological impairments or disease in a new host. Two studies that addressed this question provided divergent results. Intracerebral (i.c.) injection of Lewy body extracts from PD patients caused cerebral αSyn pathology, as well as nigrostriatal neurodegeneration, of wild-type mice and macaques, with the mice also showing motor impairments (Recasens et al. 2014, Ann Neurol 75:351–362). In contrast, i.c. transmission of homogenates from PD brains did not stimulate, after “> 360” days post-injection (dpi), pathological αSyn conversion or clinical symptoms in transgenic TgM83+/− mice hemizygously expressing mutated (A53T) human αSyn (Prusiner et al. 2015, PNAS 112:E5308–E5317). To advance the assessment of possible αSynPD hazards by providing further data, we examined neuropathological and clinical effects upon i.c. transmission of brain, stomach wall and muscle tissue as well as blood from PD patients in TgM83+/− mice up to 612 dpi. This revealed a subtle, yet distinctive stimulation of localized αSyn aggregation in the somatodendritic compartment and dystrophic neurites of individual or focally clustered cerebral neurons after challenge with brain and stomach wall homogenates. No such effect was observed with transmitted blood or homogenized muscle tissue. The detected stimulation of αSyn aggregation was not accompanied by apparent motor impairments or overt neurological disease in TgM83+/− mice. Our study substantiated that transmitted αSynPD seeds, including those from the stomach wall, are able to propagate in new mammalian hosts. The consequences of such propagation and potential safeguards need to be further investigated.

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Section: Human Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmissible α-synuclein seeding activity in brain and stomach of patients with Parkinson’s disease

et al. 2021

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“…While these results answer our original research question of whether viable HSV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 can be recovered from some types of foods held in cold-chain conditions, it does not answer questions about the infection potential of virus-contaminated foods to humans. As an enveloped virus, which is less stable in the environment than non-enveloped enteric viruses, cooking temperatures inactivate SARS-CoV-2, so properly cooked foods should be safe for eating [58]. These results should not be interpreted as indicating the amount of viable virus recovered from these foods that is directly infectious to humans, is capable of replication in the human alimentary tract, can produce gastrointestinal disease, or can produce systemic disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) on Foods Stored at Refrigerated Temperature

Dhakal

Jia

Joyce

et al. 2021

Foods

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Outbreaks of coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) in meat processing plants and media reports of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) detection on foods have raised concerns of a public health risk from contaminated foods. We used herpes simplex virus 1, a non-Biosafety Level 3 (non-BSL3) enveloped virus, as a surrogate to develop and validate methods before assessing the survival of infectious SARS-CoV-2 on foods. Several food types, including chicken, seafood, and produce, were held at 4 °C and assessed for infectious virus survival (herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and SARS-CoV-2) at 0 h, 1 h, and 24 h post-inoculation (hpi) by plaque assay. At all three time points, recovery of SARS-CoV-2 was similar from chicken, salmon, shrimp, and spinach, ranging from 3.4 to 4.3 log PFU/mL. However, initial (0 h) virus recovery from apples and mushrooms was significantly lower than that from poultry and seafood, and infectious virus decreased over time, with recovery from mushrooms becoming undetectable by 24 hpi. Comparing infectious virus titers with viral genome copies confirmed that PCR-based tests only indicate presence of viral nucleic acid, which does not necessarily correlate with the quantity of infectious virus. The survival and high recovery of SARS-CoV-2 on certain foods highlight the importance of safe food handling practices in mitigating any public health concerns related to potentially contaminated foods.

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“…Next, we addressed the biosafety concerns of handling potentially infectious saliva samples. Recent studies suggest that incubation for 3 minutes at 95ºC is sufficient to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 virions (Batéjat et al, 2021). However, when heating saliva samples for downstream analysis of RNA, one must balance heating long enough to liberate the target RNA from virions with not heating for so long that the target RNA will be degraded.…”

Section: Addressing Biosafety Concerns Through Heat Inactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saliva TwoStep for rapid detection of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers

Yang

Meyerson

Clark

et al. 2021

eLife

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Here, we develop a simple molecular test for SARS-CoV-2 in saliva based on reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP). The test has two steps: 1) heat saliva with a stabilization solution, and 2) detect virus by incubating with a primer/enzyme mix. After incubation, saliva samples containing the SARS-CoV-2 genome turn bright yellow. Because this test is pH dependent, it can react falsely to some naturally acidic saliva samples. We report unique saliva stabilization protocols that rendered 295 healthy saliva samples compatible with the test, producing zero false positives. We also evaluated the test on 278 saliva samples from individuals who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 but had no symptoms at the time of saliva collection, and from 54 matched pairs of saliva and anterior nasal samples from infected individuals. The Saliva TwoStep test described herein identified infections with 94% sensitivity and >99% specificity in individuals with sub-clinical (asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic) infections.

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Heat inactivation of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

Cited by 132 publications

References 11 publications

Transmissible α-synuclein seeding activity in brain and stomach of patients with Parkinson’s disease

Transmissible α-synuclein seeding activity in brain and stomach of patients with Parkinson’s disease

Survival of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) on Foods Stored at Refrigerated Temperature

Saliva TwoStep for rapid detection of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers

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