Health Beliefs Related to Breast Cancer and Breast Self- Examination among Indian Women: Effect of Educational Program

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is believed to be the most widespread carcinoma all over the world and themost frequent type of carcinoma among females in India. Approximately 40% of breast lesions which leadto breast cancer is detectable by breast self-examination (BSE). The identification of the barriers of earlydetection and the baseline knowledge on breast cancer symptoms, risk factors, BSE method and also theeffectiveness of a health education intervention among females in Bangalore, India are the main purposesof this research.Methodology: The study was composed of totally 500 female participants from five different institutions inurban and rural of Bangalore in 2020. Assessing baseline knowledge on breast cancer and BSE using selfadministeredquestionnaires as well as administering interventional health education in the form of a lecture,pamphlets and illustration of proper method of conducting breast self-examination using video tutorials.Conclusion: The baseline knowledge about breast cancer and BSE practice among participants for earlydetection was found to be insufficient. However, we witnessed a great progress after immediate and followup intervention. Periodic interventions are essential to prevent relapsing of certain types of barriers.

Use of Videos to Support Breast Self-Examination Knowledge and Skills: A Systematic Review

“…Kıssal and Kartal [14] agree that BSE knowledge should be measured using a self-report questionnaire and BSE skill should be measured using a checklist. In line with the forementioned, the studies collected data from participants utilizing self-report questionnaires for BSE knowledge [8,10,11] and assessor-report checklists for BSE skill [12,13]. Additionally, Mishra., et al [16]…”

“…The 8 included articles were quantitative studies. Three were conducted in India [8][9][10], and one was conducted in each of South Korea [11] and Indonesia [12]. Two were conducted in Turkey [13,14] and one was conducted in Iran [15].…”

“…Two were conducted in Turkey [13,14] and one was conducted in Iran [15]. Four out of the eight studies examined the effect of educational interventions involving BSErelated videos on BSE knowledge [8][9][10]15]. Another three studies examined the effect of educational interventions involving BSErelated videos on BSE Skills [12][13][14].…”

“…Five of the studies utilized the single group pretest posttest quasiexperimental design [8][9][10]12,13], one study utilized the post-test quasi-experimental design with control [13], and two studies applied the pretest, post-test quasi-experimental design with control [11,15].…”

“…Across the studies, the sample size of participants was between 30 and 500. Five of the studies applied non-probability sampling techniques such as purposive and convenience in the selection of participants [8][9][10]12,14]. The other three studies utilized probability sampling technique (simple random) for the selection of participants [11,13,15].…”