Head and neck cancer in the betel quid chewing area: recent advances in molecular carcinogenesis

Chen, Yin‐Ju; Chang, Joseph T.; Liao, Chun Ta; Wang, Hung Ming; Yen, Tzu Chen; Chiu, Ching-Chi; Lu, Ya Ching; Li, Hsiao Fang; Cheng, Ann‐Joy

doi:10.1111/j.1349-7006.2008.00863.x

Cited by 267 publications

(256 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Oral cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignant tumor with approximately 500,000 people being newly diagnosed annually worldwide (Chen et al, 2008;Warnakulasuriya, 2009). Pathophysiological studies have shown that the development of oral cancer is closely associated with environmental carcinogens, particularly smoking, alcohol and betel quid etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-205 Directly Regulates the Tumor Suppressor, Interleukin-24, in Human KB Oral Cancer Cells

Kim

Lee

et al. 2013

Molecules and Cells

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*MicroRNA (miRNA) is a form of small noncoding RNA that regulates the expression of genes either by inhibiting mRNA translation or by inducing its degradation. Small microRNA play important roles in regulating a large number of cellular processes, including development, proliferation and apoptosis. This study examined the biological functions of miR-205 as a tumor suppressor in KB oral cancer cells. The results showed that miR-205 expression was significantly lower in KB oral cancer cells than in human normal oral keratinocytes. Furthermore, the miR-205 over-expressed in KB oral cancer cells increased the cell cytotoxicity and induced apoptosis through the activation of caspase-3/-7. The transfection of miR-205 into KB oral cancer cells strongly induced IL-24, a well known cytokine that acts as a tumor suppressor in a range of tumor tissues. In addition, miR-205 targeted the IL-24 promoter directly to induce gene expression. Overall, miR-205 has significant therapeutic potential to turn on silenced tumor suppressor genes by targeting them with miRNA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-205 Directly Regulates the Tumor Suppressor, Interleukin-24, in Human KB Oral Cancer Cells

Kim

Lee

et al. 2013

Molecules and Cells

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“…The areca nut extract can also impairs actin organization that causes fibroblastoid morphologic changes of oral keratinocytes [52]. The genetic susceptibility to such environmental carcinogens and the resulting altered molecular expressions might be potential markers for a diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC [53]. have reported that there has been a detrimental genotoxic effect of tobacco and alcohol on oral mucosa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear pleomorphism-based cytopathological grading in human oral neoplasm

Mohanta¹,

Prafulla²

2017

Russ. Open Med. J.

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Objective -The objective of the present study is record the nuclear pleomorphism in various stages of oral carcinogenesis and to analyse their utility in cytopathological grading for early detection of human oral cancer Material and Methods -In this hospital based case-control study, oral site, age-group and sex-matched 272 subjects (136 cases and 136 normal healthy individuals) were included. Scraped exfoliated cytosmears were collected from the affected oral site of the subjects and smearing was done in the pre-cleaned-coded glass-slides. Two such slides were prepared from each subject. The cytosmears were immediately fixed in aceto-alcohol (1 part of glacial acetic acid: 3 part of absolute ethyl alcohol) fixative. One set of the slide was stained with Papanicolaou's stain and the other set was counter-stained with Giemsa's Solution for cytopathological analysis. Test of proportion (ztest) was followed and the critical ratio (z-value) was calculated for the test of significance. Results -Nuclear pleomorphism in the form of round, oval, spindle, elongated fiber as well as irregular shapes were mostly observed in oral squamous cells during different stages of carcinogenesis. Appearance of such nuclear pleomorphism in human oral neoplasm may be considered as a sign of cellular alternation in general and index of oral carcinogenesis in particular. In the present study, the frank malignant cases mimic to be either premalignant lesions or benign/carcinoma in situ were detected on the basis of nuclear pleomorphismbased cytopathological grading and so an increasing trend was observed from precancerous lesions to malignant cases due to shifting of numbers. Diagnostic tests also indicated that the Sensitivity was calculated to be 83.5%, Specificity was 100%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 100%, negative predictive value (NPV) was 30% and the accuracy was found to be 84.6%. Therefore, the nuclear pleomorphismbased cytopathological grading system makes itself an ideal screening test for early detection of human oral cancer. Conclusion -Pattern of nuclear pleomorphism corresponding to various cytological atypias is a common feature observed during different stages of oral carcinogenesis and thus, it has a practical implication in grading and early detection of oral cancer.

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“…In 2008, there were 47,560 estimated new cases of head and neck cancers in the US, with 11,260 fatalities (2). Although certain independent risk factors for the incidence of HNSCC such as alcohol and tobacco exposure or a family history of malignancy have been revealed (3,4), complete molecular pathogenesis in these human malignancies has yet to be adequately elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrant methylation of secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine in human laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2011

Oncology Letters

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Abstract. Secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) has been found to be involved in various stages of tumor progression such as migration, invasion, extracellular matrix deposition and angiogenesis. To obtain an insight into the role of SPARC in the progression of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma, we investigated SPARC transcription levels and promoter methylation in carcinoma cell lines and primary tumors. Reverse transcription-PCR showed that SPARC was silenced in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines, in which aberrant promoter methylation was detected. Hypermethylation of SPARC was detected in 56.1% (23/41) of laryngeal carcinoma and 70.0% (7/10) of hypopharyngeal carcinoma biopsies, but only in 11.1% (1/9) of normal epithelial specimens by a methylation-specific PCR assay. Bisulphite genomic sequencing indicated that CpG sites in the SPARC promoter were heavily methylated in cell lines and primary tumors. Moreover, pharmacological demethylation treatment rescued SPARC expression with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC) in the laryngeal carcinoma cell lines. SPARC promoter hypermethylation was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (p<0.01). Our findings suggest that hypermethylation of SPARC is a frequent and tumor-specific event in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas and may serve as a biomolecular marker for diagnosis and prognosis.

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Head and neck cancer in the betel quid chewing area: recent advances in molecular carcinogenesis

Cited by 267 publications

References 69 publications

MicroRNA-205 Directly Regulates the Tumor Suppressor, Interleukin-24, in Human KB Oral Cancer Cells

MicroRNA-205 Directly Regulates the Tumor Suppressor, Interleukin-24, in Human KB Oral Cancer Cells

Nuclear pleomorphism-based cytopathological grading in human oral neoplasm

Aberrant methylation of secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine in human laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma

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