Harmonizing the regulation of invertebrate biological control agents in the EPPO region: using the NAPPO region as a model

Mason, Peter G.; Everatt, M.J.; Loomans, A.J.M.; Collatz, Jana

doi:10.1111/epp.12355

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The deliberate introduction of an exotic biological control agent in the frame of classical biological control often requires a formal agreement [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. In France, this agreement is issued by both the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Environment after an independent investigation led by the ANSES Safety Agency to weigh the (possible) benefits and drawbacks of the introduction (“Arrêté du 28 June 2012—AGRG1225395A”).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Monitoring of Drosophila suzukii and Associated Communities in South Eastern France as a Pre-Requisite for Classical Biological Control

Kremmer

Thaon

Borowiec

et al. 2017

Insects

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The spotted wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Ds), became a major economic pest for fruit production since its establishment in Europe and America. Among potential control methods, only classical biological control appears to be a mean of sustainably regulating Ds in both cultivated and natural habitats. In the frame of risk assessment, pre-release surveys were carried out in a restricted but highly heterogeneous area in the south-east of France using traps and deliberate field exposures of Ds and D. melanogaster larvae/pupae. Although Ds abundance varied according to sampling methods, it was found to be pervasive and to produce offspring and adults in most conditions (spatial and seasonal). Its main limits are some specific abiotic conditions (i.e., desiccation) as well as interspecific competition. Indeed, Ds mostly co-occurred with D. busckii and D. hydei, probably due to common phenology and/or ecological requirements. These two species thus deserve more attention for risk assessment. The main indigenous parasitoids collected belonged to two pupal species, Trichopria cf drosophilae and Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae, but their presence was observed late in the autumn and mainly in cultivated areas. Results are discussed in a comparison of the methodological approaches for monitoring Drosophilids and the benefits-risks assessment of classical biological control.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Monitoring of Drosophila suzukii and Associated Communities in South Eastern France as a Pre-Requisite for Classical Biological Control

Kremmer

Thaon

Borowiec

et al. 2017

Insects

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“…(i) Several EU countries have national legislations requiring authorization of invertebrate 'natural enemies' used in augmentative biological control (especially in greenhouses) of plant pests [89]. Guidelines for the evaluation of invertebrate biological control organisms state that the presence of any microorganisms carried (unintentionally) by animals should be evaluated [90].…”

Section: Translocation Of Microorganisms To New Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaping the Benefits of Microorganisms in Cropping Systems: Is the Regulatory Policy Adequate?

2021

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Within food plant cropping systems, microorganisms provide vital functions and ecosystem services, such as biological pest and disease control, promotion of plant growth and crop quality, and biodegradation of organic matter and pollutants. The beneficial effects of microorganisms can be achieved and/or enhanced by agricultural management measures that target the resident microbial biodiversity or by augmentation with domesticated and propagated microbial strains. This study presents a critical review of the current legislation and regulatory policies pertaining to the utilization of plant-beneficial microorganisms in the European Union (EU). For augmentative approaches, the nature of the intended effect and the product claim determine how a microbiological product is categorized and regulated, and pre-market authorization may be mandatory. Typically, microbial products have been incorporated into frameworks that were designed for evaluating non-living substances, and are therefore not well suited to the specific properties of live microorganisms. We suggest that regulatory harmonization across the sector could stimulate technical development and facilitate implementation of crop management methods employing microorganisms. Possible scenarios for regulatory reform in the longer term are discussed, but more investigation into their feasibility is needed. The findings of this study should serve as a catalyst for more efficient future use of plant-beneficial microorganisms, to the benefit of agriculture as well as the environment.

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“…Therefore, selection of biological control agents is a crucial aspect for maximizing the bene ts of pest control and, at the same time, minimizing ecological risks (Loomans 2021). Recent national and international regulations require that applications for licensing candidate biocontrol agents are supported by thorough risk assessment documentation (Mason et al 2017). Simple evaluation of the physiological host range provides a base ground and a rst understanding of whether a natural enemy can be suitable to become a biocontrol agent of a given target pest (Abram et al 2021;Sabbatini-Peverieri et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory responses of Trissolcus mitsukurii to plants attacked by target and non-target stink bugs suggest low risk for biological control

Rondoni

Chierici

Giovannini³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Field release of classical biocontrol agents requires prior risk assessment to ensure that non-target effects are averted. No-choice and choice bioassays can provide basic information on the physiological host range of the candidate agent. However, other experimental methods, like olfactometer bioassays of host-plant complexes, can depict more realistically the likelihood that the released biocontrol agent localizes non-targets in the field. Halyomorpha halys Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is native to Asia and invasive in North America and Europe, where it represents a major threat for crops. The Asiatic egg parasitoid Trissolcus mitsukurii (Ashmead) is adventive in Italy and exhibits high parasitization ability on H. halys. In the light of evaluating T. mitsukurii for H. halys biocontrol, its physiological host range has been already partially explored. Here, we investigated the ability of the parasitoid to exploit odours associated with H. halys or with the following non-targets: Arma custos F., Dolycoris baccarum L., Eurydema ventralis Kolenati, and Nezara viridula L. (all Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Specifically, using a Y-tube olfactometer, we tested the response of parasitoid females to plants bearing naturally laid eggs, to physogastric females or eggs of the different species. We observed that T. mitsukurii is only attracted by plants challenged by eggs of H. halys or N. viridula, while it is not attracted by physogastric females or eggs alone. Remarkably, T. mitsukurii was almost repelled by plants bearing eggs of the beneficial A. custos. Our results usefully contribute to a more valuable assessment of the potential non-target risks in case of parasitoid release.

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Harmonizing the regulation of invertebrate biological control agents in the EPPO region: using the NAPPO region as a model

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Field Monitoring of Drosophila suzukii and Associated Communities in South Eastern France as a Pre-Requisite for Classical Biological Control

Field Monitoring of Drosophila suzukii and Associated Communities in South Eastern France as a Pre-Requisite for Classical Biological Control

Reaping the Benefits of Microorganisms in Cropping Systems: Is the Regulatory Policy Adequate?

Olfactory responses of Trissolcus mitsukurii to plants attacked by target and non-target stink bugs suggest low risk for biological control

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