2019
DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00099
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Harmonic Generation Microscopy 2.0: New Tricks Empowering Intravital Imaging for Neuroscience

Abstract: Optical harmonic generation, e.g., second- (SHG) and third-harmonic generation (THG), provides intrinsic contrasts for three-dimensional intravital microscopy. Contrary to two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF), however, they have found relatively specialized applications, such as imaging collagenous and non-specific tissues, respectively. Here we review recent advances that broaden the capacity of SHG and THG for imaging the central nervous system in particular. The fundamental contrast mechanisms are reviewe… Show more

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Cited by 13 publications
(9 citation statements)
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References 158 publications
(194 reference statements)
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“…Two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy is increasingly common in the vision research ( 35 , 72–78 ). In contrast, SHG microscopy, which has been widely used for structural imaging of collagen and myosin, is extended to the central nervous system only recently ( 79 ). Retinal SHG imaging can be performed using the same setup as two-photon fluorescence microscopy with minimum alterations, e.g., the forward signal detection.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy is increasingly common in the vision research ( 35 , 72–78 ). In contrast, SHG microscopy, which has been widely used for structural imaging of collagen and myosin, is extended to the central nervous system only recently ( 79 ). Retinal SHG imaging can be performed using the same setup as two-photon fluorescence microscopy with minimum alterations, e.g., the forward signal detection.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, the result is a new photon with exactly double the energy of any of the two initial photons. Using this process as a contrast mechanism, SHG microscopy has become established as a powerful biomedical investigation technique, enabling to date a wide variety of biological and biophysical imaging applications 2 . Tubulin 3 , myosin 4 and collagen 5 , 6 are known to generate SHG signals, with the latter being one of the most frequently analysed tissue constituents by SHG microscopy.…”
Section: Background and Summarymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When performing THG image analysis, care needs to be taken in the interpretation of the signal generation as THG is a coherent process. For further reading on application of THG and practicalities of SHG, Lim et al published a review on imaging intravital tissues using SHG and THG [105], and Chen et al published a comprehensive protocol for practical and quantitative SHG measurements [90].…”
Section: Understanding Intensities and Polarisation In Shgmentioning
confidence: 99%