Handwriting in patients with Parkinson disease: Effect of l-dopa and stimulation of the sub-thalamic nucleus on motor anticipation

Bidet-Ildei, Christel; Pollak, Pierre; Kandel, Sonia; Fraix, Valérie; Orliaguet, Jean‐Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.humov.2010.08.008

Cited by 58 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A lack of motor anticipation has been described in PD patients. Although the putative reasons are controversial, DBS of the STN improves anticipatory deficits 41. STN may have a role in either sensory feedback, corollary discharge, or in focusing the substantia nigra pars reticulata to allow eye movements to occur through disinhibition of the superior colliculus 42…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of anticipation and prediction in smooth pursuit eye movement control in Parkinson's disease

et al. 2012

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Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have difficulties in the control of self-guided (i.e., internally driven) movements. The basal ganglia provide a nonspecific internal cue for the development of a preparatory activity for a given movement in the sequence of repetitive movements. Controversy surrounds the question of whether PD patients are capable of (1) anticipating (before an external trigger appears; i.e., anticipation) and (2) predicting movement velocity once a moving target shortly disappears from the visual scene (i.e., prediction). To dissociate between these two components, we examined internally driven (extraretinal generated) smooth pursuit eye movements in PD patients and age-matched healthy controls by systematically varying target blanking periods of a trapezoidally moving target in four paradigms (initial blanking, midramp blanking, blanking after a short ramp, and no blanking). Compared to controls, PD patients showed (1) decreased smooth pursuit gain (without blanking), (2) deficient anticipatory pursuit (prolonged pursuit initiation latency; reduced eye velocity before target onset in the early onset blanking paradigm), and (3) preserved extraretinal predictive pursuit velocity (midramp target blanking). Deficient anticipation of future target motion was not related to either disease duration or the general motor impairment (UPDRS). We conclude that PD patients have difficulties in anticipating future target motion, which may play a role for the mechanisms involved in deficient gait initiation and termination of PD. In contrast, they remain unimpaired in their capacity of building up an internal representation of continuous target motion. This may explain the clinical advantage of medical devices that use visual motion to improve gait initiation (e.g., "PD glasses").

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dotted lines show the periods of visible target motion, the solid lines reflect the expected eye velocity. Bars show the intervals of interest (anticipation, prediction) (adopted from41).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of anticipation and prediction in smooth pursuit eye movement control in Parkinson's disease

et al. 2012

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“…From the first to the third task, participants wrote cursive letters or bi/tri-grams of letters. Similar tasks (the letter l -or repetitions of it) are commonly used for handwriting analysis [23]. The next three tasks involved words that can be written in one long stroke, i.e.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision Support Framework for Parkinson’s Disease Based on Novel Handwriting Markers

Drotár

Mekyska

Rektorová

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng.

143

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder which impairs motor skills, speech, and other functions such as behavior, mood, and cognitive processes. One of the most typical clinical hallmarks of PD is handwriting deterioration, usually the first manifestation of PD. The aim of this study is twofold: (a) to find a subset of handwriting features suitable for identifying subjects with PD and (b) to build a predictive model to efficiently diagnose PD. We collected handwriting samples from 37 medicated PD patients and 38 age- and sex-matched controls. The handwriting samples were collected during seven tasks such as writing a syllable, word, or sentence. Every sample was used to extract the handwriting measures. In addition to conventional kinematic and spatio-temporal handwriting measures, we also computed novel handwriting measures based on entropy, signal energy, and empirical mode decomposition of the handwriting signals. The selected features were fed to the support vector machine classifier with radial Gaussian kernel for automated diagnosis. The accuracy of the classification of PD was as high as 88.13%, with the highest values of sensitivity and specificity equal to 89.47% and 91.89%, respectively. Handwriting may be a valuable marker as a diagnostic and screening tool.

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“…Performing smooth repetitive movements, like walking or writing, is difficult for PD patients because they tend to make complex movements in separate parts [1]. Studies have shown that PD patients benefit in motor learning from cueing [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Handwriting speed and size in individuals with Parkinson’s disease compared to healthy controls: the possible effect of cueing

Raudmann

Taba

Medijainen

2014

AKUT

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Changes in handwriting are common in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). Improving motor performance by using cueing strategies has become a standard in PD physiotherapy. Th e objective of the study was to identify whether using diff erent paper types (plain, horizontal lined and grid lined) can improve handwriting of individuals with PD. 21 subjects with mild-to-moderate PD and 9 healthy control group members participated. Subjects were given the task of writing two repetitions of one simple and one complex sentence on plain, horizontal lined and grid lined paper. Handwriting speed and size were measured. Results confi rm previous fi ndings stating that individuals with PD write slower and have smaller handwriting compared to healthy controls. Based on the study, it can be concluded that writing on diff erent types of paper does not aff ect writing speed, but does aff ect handwriting size of patients with PD.

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Handwriting in patients with Parkinson disease: Effect of l-dopa and stimulation of the sub-thalamic nucleus on motor anticipation

Cited by 58 publications

References 25 publications

Role of anticipation and prediction in smooth pursuit eye movement control in Parkinson's disease

Role of anticipation and prediction in smooth pursuit eye movement control in Parkinson's disease

Decision Support Framework for Parkinson’s Disease Based on Novel Handwriting Markers

Handwriting speed and size in individuals with Parkinson’s disease compared to healthy controls: the possible effect of cueing

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