Haemolymph electrophoretic pattern of Ascia monuste orseis larvae (Lepidoptera: pieridae) parasitized by Cotesia glomerata (Hymenoptera: braconidae)

Abstract

Cotesia glomerata is a natural enemy of the vegetable plague Ascia monuste orseis and preferably parasites 2nd, 3rd and 4th instar larvae. Parasitism effects on the haemolymph protein profile of Ascia monuste orseis larvae from the 2nd to 7th days were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively by SDS-PAGE and Coomassie-Blue binding methods. Quantitative analysis showed a progressive increase in the protein content of about 6.5 and 12.5 times in parasitized and non-parasitized larvae from the 2nd to 5th days, respectively. On the 6th day, a decrease in protein content was observed in both groups, although this decrease was significantly less than the control group that continued to metamorphosis. Meanwhile, parasitized larvae had one more day (7th day) in their larval period to complete parasitoid development, justified by the fact that parasitoid is koinobiont and allows host feeding. On this day, a drastic increase in protein content was detected when the parasitoids left the host. The SDS-PAGE showed proteins of high molecular weight (>120 kDa) on the 5th day of the non-parasitized larvae when they entered pre-pupa stage and on the 7th day of parasitized larvae. Proteins with MW lower than 62 kDa and higher than 27 kDa were absent on the 5th day in control larvae (pre-pupa phase), but present in parasitized larvae. This could indicate a possible relation between these proteins and the host juvenile hormone. Therefore, the presence of C. glomerata influences Ascia monuste orseis development, but its own physiological development is apparently independent of the host, which tends to die when parasitism succeeds

Adequação do hospedeiro e parâmetros relacionados à aptidão de Cotesia glomerata L. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) em diferentes ínstares de Ascia monuste orseis Godart (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

“…2). Esses resultados corroboram os obtidos por Scaglia et al (2003), que observaram um acréscimo de um dia no desenvolvimento de A. monuste orseis quando parasitada por C. glomerata. Notou-se, pelos resultados apresentados, que a alteração no desenvolvimento do hospedeiro não ocorreu no ínstar em que houve o parasitismo, isso provavelmente ocorreu pelo fato de o parasitoide estar na fase de ovo e no primeiro ínstar, não sendo capaz de afetar o hospedeiro nessa fase (Gobbi et al, 1989;Hasan;Ansari, 2012).…”

“…Os parasitoides conhecidos como coinobiontes, como C. glomerata, têm como uma das estratégias de sobrevivên-cia alterar o desenvolvimento de seu hospedeiro, no intuito de finalizar seu ciclo, aumentando o tempo em que a lagarta fica se alimentando e, consequentemente, tendo um maior tempo para se alimentar e obter os nutrientes necessários ao seu desenvolvimento (Hu et al, 1986;Doetzer;Forester, 1999;Scaglia et al, 2003;Cônsoli;Vison, 2009).…”

“…Lagartas de A. monuste orseis parasitadas por C. glomerata apresentaram maior consumo alimentar em relação as não parasitadas (Gobbi et al, 1989;Hasan;Ansari, 2012). Scaglia et al (2003) observaram também a redução da quantidade de proteínas na hemolinfa e o alongamento do ciclo da lagarta.…”

DNA-based confirmation that the parasitic wasp Cotesia glomerata (Braconidae, Hymenoptera) is a new threat to endemic butterflies of the Canary Islands

“…Nonetheless, its host range includes several lepidopteran families including Pieridae (Pieris brassicae, P. rapae, P. napi, and Aporia crataegi) and Lymantriidae (Lymantria dispar) (Tobias et al 1986;Balevski 1999;Ohsaki and Sato 1994;Jiang ShuangLin 2001). C. glomerata have been released in the United States, New Zealand, and Chile and have since been reported from Argentina and Brazil (Sharkey et al 2000;Scaglia et al 2003). Records of C. glomerata parasitism on non-target, native insect hosts can be subject to mis-identification and require confirmation using alternative methods such as genetic analysis (Sands and Van Driesche 2004).…”