Habituation During Sleeping and Waking

Abstract

EEG and autonomic habituation were studied during sleep stages 2 and REM. and during awake. Repeated presentations of the same stimulus to the same subjects within sleep stages and when awake permitted evaluation of habituation between tone sets within stag 2, REM, and awake, and from sleep to awake. Forty‐six subjects were exposed to 800 Hz. 75 dB, 1‐ or 2‐sec tones, presented in sets of 20 tones. During steep, there was no habituation of the EEC response. Habituation occurred for both FPR and HRR during stage 2, with no evidence of within‐stage. between tone set habituation. No significant habituation occurred during REM for HRR or FPR. Evoked skin resistance responses were rare during both stage 2 and RKM. In the awake state, HRR was unresponsive but all other variables showed habituation. Tones presented during the night had no effect on the awake response.

The efficacy and psychophysiological correlates of dual-attention tasks in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)

“…However, our SC data show a difference between pure REM-sleep and EMDR as ORs were present and tended to show a pattern of habituation. A consistent finding has been that ORs in electrodermal measures are rare during REM-sleep (Johnson & Lubin, 1967;McDonald & Carpenter, 1975), and when they occur they do not tend to habituate (Johnson & Lubin, 1967;Johnson, Townsend, & Wilson, 1975 …”

Electrodermal Activity

“…In an attempt to confirm the lack of habituation during sleep as revealed by their earlier research, Johnson, Townsend, and Wilson (1975) recorded SRRs to a series of 20 stimuli 142 presented during stage II and REM sleep. Data from 9 participants with complete recordings did not yield unambiguous stimulus-dependent SRRs in either sleep stage, due to the infrequency of responses during REM, and either no SRRs or too much spontaneous EDA during stage II.…”

Auditory Evoked Potential in Stage 2 and REM Sleep During a 30‐Day Exposure to Tone Pulses

“…The overall AEP, thus, is similar to the evoked K-complex in its resistance to habituation (Johnson & Lubin, 1967;Johnson et al, 1975). While habituation is generally accepted as an index of learning, there are varying theories as to how this learning occurs (Sokolov, 1960;Thompson & Spencer, 1966).…”

“…(Johnson & Lubin, 1967). In a subsequent study (Johnson et al, 1975), while habituation was found for heart rate and finger pulse response, there was again no evidence of a decreased K-complex response.…”

“…In the awake state, with repeated presentation of a stimulus, various components of the orienting response, e.g., electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha desynchronization, some late components of the EEG average evoked potential (AEP), and finger vasoconstriction response, habituate and may eventually extinguish (Pavlov, 1927;Sokolov & Paramonova, 1961). The arousal level of the subject has been shown to affect the rate of this habituation (McDonald, Johnson, & Herd, 1964), with limited habituation of some variables occurring in sleep (Ackner & Pampiglione, 1955;Johnson & Lubin, 1967;Johnson, Townsend, & Wilson, 1975;McDonald & Carpenter, 1975). Orienting response components that have habituated and/or extinguished in the waking state will return with sleep onset (Johnson & Lubin, 1967).…”