Gyrification abnormalities in childhood- and adolescent-onset schizophrenia

White, Tonya; Andreasen, Nancy C.; Nopoulos, Peg; Magnotta, Vincent A.

doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00065-9

Cited by 183 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Registration was performed by aligning the T 2 and PD images with a resampled T 1 image and then resampling the T 2 and PD images themselves (Magnotta et al, 2002). After normalization to a standard three-dimensional space, the pixels representing grey matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid were identified using a segmentation algorithm applied to the T 1 , T 2 , and PD image sequences as described elsewhere (White et al, 2003).…”

Section: Mri Scans and Structural Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An MRI and proton spectroscopy study of the thalamus in children with autism

Hardan

Minshew

Melhem

et al. 2008

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

106

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Thalamic alterations have been reported in autism but the relationships between these abnormalities and clinical symptoms, specifically sensory features, have not been elucidated. The goal of this investigation is to combine two neuroimaging methods to examine further the pathophysiology of thalamic anomalies in autism and to identify any association with sensory deficits. Structural MRI and multi-voxel, short echo-time proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H MRS) measurements were collected from 18 male children with autism and 16 healthy children. Anatomical measurements of thalamic nuclei and absolute concentration levels of key 1 H MRS metabolites were obtained. Sensory abnormalities were assessed using a sensory profile questionnaire. Lower levels of NAcetylaspartate (NAA), phosphocreatine and creatine, and choline-containing metabolites were observed on the left side in the autism group when compared to controls. No differences in thalamic volumes were observed between the two groups. Relationships, although limited, were observed between measures of sensory abnormalities and 1 H MRS metabolites. Findings from this study support the role of the thalamus in the pathophysiology of autism and more specifically in the sensory abnormalities observed in this disorder. Further investigations of this structure are warranted, since it plays an important role in information processing as part of the cortico-thalamo-cortical pathways.

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Section: Mri Scans and Structural Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An MRI and proton spectroscopy study of the thalamus in children with autism

Hardan

Minshew

Melhem

et al. 2008

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Registration was performed by aligning the T2 and PD images with a resampled T1 image and then resampling the T2 and PD images themselves (Magnotta et al, 2002). After normalization to a standard three-dimensional space, the pixels representing grey matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid were identified using a segmentation algorithm applied to the T1, T2, and PD image sequences as described elsewhere (White et al, 2003).…”

Section: Mri Scansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volumetric alterations of the orbitofrontal cortex in autism

Girgis

Minshew

Melhem

et al. 2007

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

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Recent evidence has implicated the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in the pathophysiology of social deficits in autism. An MRI-based morphometric study of the OFC was conducted involving 11 children with autism (age range 8.1-12.7 years) and 18 healthy, age-matched controls (age range 8.9-12.8 years). Decreased grey matter volume in the right lateral OFC in the patient group was found, and correlations were observed between social deficits and white, but not grey, matter structures of the OFC. These findings support the role of OFC in autism and warrant further investigations of this structure using structural and functional methodologies.

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“…Kuperberg et al (2003) assessed thinning across the entire cortex and showed widespread significant thinning that particularly affected the prefrontal and temporal cortices in chronic schizophrenia. White et al (2003) reported significant cortical thinning in cortex underlying the sulci in frontal, temporal and parietal regions and beneath the gyri in the temporal lobe in patients with childhood and adolescent onset schizophrenia. Another study examining cortical thickness averaged across the entire prefrontal cortex failed to detect significant cortical thinning in first-episode schizophrenia (Wiegand et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, some noise generated from resampling in the voxel-based analysis can be avoided. Few prior surface-based approaches have examined cortical thickness in schizophrenia (Kuperberg et al, 2003;Narr et al, 2005a,b;White et al, 2003;Wiegand et al, 2004). Kuperberg et al (2003) assessed thinning across the entire cortex and showed widespread significant thinning that particularly affected the prefrontal and temporal cortices in chronic schizophrenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern classification using principal components of cortical thickness and its discriminative pattern in schizophrenia

Yoon

Lee

et al. 2007

NeuroImage

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We proposed pattern classification based on principal components of cortical thickness between schizophrenic patients and healthy controls, which was trained using a leave-one-out cross-validation. The cortical thickness was measured by calculating the Euclidean distance between linked vertices on the inner and outer cortical surfaces. Principal component analysis was applied to each lobe for practical computational issues and stability of principal components. And, discriminative patterns derived at every vertex in the original feature space with respect to support vector machine were analyzed with definitive findings of brain abnormalities in schizophrenia for establishing practical confidence. It was simulated with 50 randomly selected validation set for the generalization and the average accuracy of classification was reported. This study showed that some principal components might be more useful than others for classification, but not necessarily matching the ordering of the variance amounts they explained. In particular, 40-70 principal components rearranged by a simple two-sample t-test which ranked the effectiveness of features were used for the best mean accuracy of simulated classification (frontal: (left(%)|right(%)) = 91.07|88.80, parietal: 91.40|91.53, temporal: 93.60|91.47, occipital: 88.80|91.60). And, discriminative power appeared more spatially diffused bilaterally in the several regions, especially precentral, postcentral, superior frontal and temporal, cingulate and parahippocampal gyri. Since our results of discriminative patterns derived from classifier were consistent with a previous morphological analysis of schizophrenia, it can be said that the cortical thickness is a reliable feature for pattern classification and the potential benefits of such diagnostic tools are enhanced by our finding.

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Gyrification abnormalities in childhood- and adolescent-onset schizophrenia

Cited by 183 publications

References 77 publications

An MRI and proton spectroscopy study of the thalamus in children with autism

An MRI and proton spectroscopy study of the thalamus in children with autism

Volumetric alterations of the orbitofrontal cortex in autism

Pattern classification using principal components of cortical thickness and its discriminative pattern in schizophrenia

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