Gut microbiota and immunity relevance in eubiosis and dysbiosis

Alrashidi, Hanan E

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.10.068

Cited by 49 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 208 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…SCFA maintains the epithelial barrier to reduce inflammation and their reduction has been identified as a responsible factor for the increase in blood pressure in obese pregnant women [ 145 ]. Overall, these findings support the assumption that the gut microbiota reduces the risk of hypertension [ 146 , 147 , 148 ]. However, it is important to note that some intestinal bacteria by-products have direct negative effects on blood pressure in the case of intestinal dysbiosis [ 149 ].…”

Section: Gut Microbiota and Hypertensionsupporting

confidence: 83%

The Contribution of Gut Microbiota and Endothelial Dysfunction in the Development of Arterial Hypertension in Animal Models and in Humans

Maiuolo

Carresi

Gliozzi

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The maintenance of the physiological values of blood pressure is closely related to unchangeable factors (genetic predisposition or pathological alterations) but also to modifiable factors (dietary fat and salt, sedentary lifestyle, overweight, inappropriate combinations of drugs, alcohol abuse, smoking and use of psychogenic substances). Hypertension is usually characterized by the presence of a chronic increase in systemic blood pressure above the threshold value and is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction, stroke, micro- and macro-vascular diseases. Hypertension is closely related to functional changes in the endothelium, such as an altered production of vasoconstrictive and vasodilator substances, which lead to an increase in vascular resistance. These alterations make the endothelial tissue unresponsive to autocrine and paracrine stimuli, initially determining an adaptive response, which over time lead to an increase in risk or disease. The gut microbiota is composed of a highly diverse bacterial population of approximately 1014 bacteria. A balanced intestinal microbiota preserves the digestive and absorbent functions of the intestine, protecting from pathogens and toxic metabolites in the circulation and reducing the onset of various diseases. The gut microbiota has been shown to produce unique metabolites potentially important in the generation of hypertension and endothelial dysfunction. This review highlights the close connection between hypertension, endothelial dysfunction and gut microbiota.

show abstract

Section: Gut Microbiota and Hypertensionsupporting

confidence: 83%

The Contribution of Gut Microbiota and Endothelial Dysfunction in the Development of Arterial Hypertension in Animal Models and in Humans

Maiuolo

Carresi

Gliozzi

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The gut microbiome is responsible for training the host immune system, digesting food, regulating gut endocrine function and neurological signalling, modifying xenobiotic action through their metabolism, eliminating toxins and producing various compounds that affect the host (Fan and Pedersen, 2021 ). The healthy state of balance between the gut microbial ecosystem and the host is often dubbed intestinal homeostasis or eubiosis (Iebba et al., 2016 ; Perrotta, 2021 ; Al‐Rashidi, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota analysis for risk assessment of xenobiotics: cumulative xenobiotic exposure and impact on human gut microbiota under One Health approach

Gruszecka‐Kosowska

Ampatzoglou

Aguilera‐Gómez

2022

EFS2

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human gut microbiota is the microbial community that, through the constant bidirectional communication with its host, plays the critical role of maintaining the state of eubiosis and health balance, contributing to food digestion, detoxification, and proper endocrine, neurological, immunological and potentially reproductive health. To this extent, gut microbiota is called the ‘second brain’ as well as the ‘second liver’. Xenobiotics, including environmental pollutants, are widely spread in the environment and easily accessible in food, cosmetics, personal care products, drugs and medicinal products. Thus, the gut microbiota can be exposed to these xenobiotics, which in turn might alter its composition and metabolism that can trigger dysbiosis, and they seem associated with disorders and diseases in the host. A specific group of xenobiotics, called endocrine‐disrupting chemicals, is particularly important due to relevant adverse health effects. A considerable challenge in risk assessment is the combined exposure to xenobiotics, for which the integrated approaches, including the One Health concept, are still under development. Nevertheless, recent research advancements focus on molecular data in the search for elucidating crucial microbiome biomarkers, associated with physiopathology and specific dysfunctions triggered by xenobiotic exposure. In this context, the application of meta‐omics and integration of genomics, metagenomics, metabolomics, metatranscriptomics, proteomics and multidisciplinary approaches are particularly important.

show abstract

“…This restricts the translocation of the microbiota from the intestinal lumen to the circulation, preventing the body from triggering a systemic immune response by inducing IgA producing plasma cells, as shown in Figure 1. These immunoglobulin producing plasma cells of the gut release TNF-α and iNOS for GMB stimulation which further induces the secretory IgA function of B cells [42]. Having these boundaries properly demarcated, the GMB can safely participate in the induction of synthesis of additional peptides such as cathelicidins C-type lectins, and defensins by Paneth cells via pattern recognition receptor (PRR)-mediated mechanisms, without causing any adverse immunological reactions [43].…”

Section: The Goodmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Gut Microbiota and Osteoarthritis: Does the Disease Begin in the Gut?

Ramires

Santos²,

Ramires

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Some say that all diseases begin in the gut. Interestingly, this concept is actually quite old, since it is attributed to the Ancient Greek physician Hippocrates, who proposed the hypothesis nearly 2500 years ago. The continuous breakthroughs in modern medicine have transformed our classic understanding of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and human health. Although the gut microbiota (GMB) has proven to be a core component of human health under standard metabolic conditions, there is now also a strong link connecting the composition and function of the GMB to the development of numerous diseases, especially the ones of musculoskeletal nature. The symbiotic microbes that reside in the gastrointestinal tract are very sensitive to biochemical stimuli and may respond in many different ways depending on the nature of these biological signals. Certain variables such as nutrition and physical modulation can either enhance or disrupt the equilibrium between the various species of gut microbes. In fact, fat-rich diets can cause dysbiosis, which decreases the number of protective bacteria and compromises the integrity of the epithelial barrier in the GIT. Overgrowth of pathogenic microbes then release higher quantities of toxic metabolites into the circulatory system, especially the pro-inflammatory cytokines detected in osteoarthritis (OA), thereby promoting inflammation and the initiation of many disease processes throughout the body. Although many studies link OA with GMB perturbations, further research is still needed.

show abstract

Gut microbiota and immunity relevance in eubiosis and dysbiosis

Cited by 49 publications

References 208 publications

The Contribution of Gut Microbiota and Endothelial Dysfunction in the Development of Arterial Hypertension in Animal Models and in Humans

The Contribution of Gut Microbiota and Endothelial Dysfunction in the Development of Arterial Hypertension in Animal Models and in Humans

Microbiota analysis for risk assessment of xenobiotics: cumulative xenobiotic exposure and impact on human gut microbiota under One Health approach

The Association between Gut Microbiota and Osteoarthritis: Does the Disease Begin in the Gut?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About