Gut microbiome of the largest living rodent harbors unprecedented enzymatic systems to degrade plant polysaccharides

Cabral, Lucélia; Persinoti, Gabriela Félix; Paixão, Douglas Antônio Alvaredo; Martins, Marcele Pandeló; Morais, M.A.B.; Chinaglia, Mariana; Domingues, M.N.; Sforça, Maurício L.; Pirolla, Renan Augusto Siqueira; Generoso, Wesley Cardoso; Santos, Clelton A.; Maciel, Lucas F.; Terrapon, Nicolas; Lombard, Vincent; Henrissat, Bernard; Murakami, Mário Tyago

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28310-y

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Carbohydrate fermentation is a critical function of the human gut microbiota, and then the fermented carbohydrates produce important metabolites in gut, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and succinate ( Canfora et al, 2019 ). Mechanistically, the gut microbiome harbors distinct enzymatic systems, including a glycoside hydrolase family of β-galactosidases and a carbohydrate-binding module family, to degrade plant-derived polysaccharides ( Cabral et al, 2022 ). These processes are essential to maintain gut microbiota that depends mostly on non-digestively polysaccharides and fibers as energy sources ( Sonnenburg and Sonnenburg, 2014 ).…”

Section: Supplementation Of Natural Polysaccharides Ameliorate Hfd-in...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Gut Microbiota With Natural Polysaccharides: Effective Interventions Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Diseases

et al. 2022

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Unhealthy diet, in particular high-fat diet (HFD) intake, can cause the development of several metabolic disorders, including obesity, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and metabolic syndrome (MetS). These popular metabolic diseases reduce the quality of life, and induce premature death worldwide. Evidence is accumulating that the gut microbiota is inextricably associated with HFD-induced metabolic disorders, and dietary intervention of gut microbiota is an effective therapeutic strategy for these metabolic dysfunctions. Polysaccharides are polymeric carbohydrate macromolecules and sources of fermentable dietary fiber that exhibit biological activities in the prevention and treatment of HFD-induced metabolic diseases. Of note, natural polysaccharides are among the most potent modulators of the gut microbiota composition. However, the prebiotics-like effects of polysaccharides in treating HFD-induced metabolic diseases remain elusive. In this review, we introduce the critical role of gut microbiota human health and HFD-induced metabolic disorders. Importantly, we review current knowledge about the role of natural polysaccharides in improving HFD-induced metabolic diseases by regulating gut microbiota.

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Section: Supplementation Of Natural Polysaccharides Ameliorate Hfd-in...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Gut Microbiota With Natural Polysaccharides: Effective Interventions Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Diseases

et al. 2022

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“…In captive sifakas (Propithecus coquereli), supplementing standard diets with diverse foliage blends versus with single plant species, was associated with greater concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the gut (123). At a larger scale across wild mammals, from rodents to carnivores and primates, several studies have found associations between specific microbial functions and diet type (herbivore, omnivore, piscivore, carnivore) (35,124,125).…”

Section: Host Diet Is Correlated With Gut Microbiome Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic, genomic, and functional variation in the gut microbiomes of wild spotted hyenas across two decades of study

Rojas

Holekamp

Viladomat

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The gut microbiome provides vital functions for mammalian hosts, yet research on the variability and function of the microbiome across adult lifespans and multiple generations is limited in large mammalian carnivores. Here we use 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing to profile the taxonomic composition, genomic diversity, and metabolic function of the gut microbiome of 12 wild spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) residing in the Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya over a 23-year period spanning three generations. We determined the extent to which host factors predict variation in the gut microbiome and identify the core microbes present in the guts of hyenas. We also investigate novel genomic diversity in the mammalian gut by reporting the first metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) for hyenas. We found that gut microbiome taxonomic composition was highly variable across the two decades of sampling, but despite this, a core set of 22 bacterial genera and 19 amplicon sequence variants were identified. The strongest predictors of microbiome alpha and beta-diversity were host identity and age, suggesting that hyenas possess individualized microbiomes, and that these may change with age during adulthood. Gut microbiome functional profiles were also individual-specific, and were moderately correlated with antelope prey abundance, indicating that the functions of the gut microbiome vary with host diet. We recovered 149 high-quality MAGs from the hyena gut, spanning 25 bacterial orders and 51 genera. Some MAGs were classified as taxa previously reported for other carnivores, but many were novel and lacked species level matches to genomes in existing reference databases, greatly greatly expanding the microbial genome repertoire known for hyenas, carnivores and wild mammals in general.

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“…Buffalo Metagenomic analysis of the rumen showed presence of Bacteroidetes, Spirochaete and an unidentified bacterial phylum (Bohra et al, 2022;Cabral et al, 2022) Frontiers in Chemical Engineering frontiersin.org genera are Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Enterobacter, Aeromonas, etc. (Siddiqui et al, 2022), while there is little information on the gut microbiome of amphibians.…”

Section: An Et Al (2020)mentioning

confidence: 99%

CAZyme from gut microbiome for efficient lignocellulose degradation and biofuel production

et al. 2022

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Over-exploitation and energy security concerns of the diminishing fossil fuels is a challenge to the present global economy. Further, the negative impact of greenhouse gases released using conventional fuels has led to the need for searching for alternative biofuel sources with biomass in the form of lignocellulose coming up as among the potent candidates. The entrapped carbon source of the lignocellulose has multiple applications other than biofuel generation under the biorefinery approach. However, the major bottleneck in using lignocellulose for biofuel production is its recalcitrant nature. Carbohydrate Active Enzymes (CAZymes) are enzymes that are employed for the disintegration and consumption of lignocellulose biomass as the carbon source for the production of biofuels and bio-derivatives. However, the cost of enzyme production and their stability and catalytic efficiency under stressed conditions is a concern that hinders large-scale biofuel production and utilization. Search for novel CAZymes with superior activity and stability under industrial condition has become a major research focus in this area considering the fact that the most conventional CAZymes has low commercial viability. The gut of plant-eating herbivores and other organisms is a potential source of CAZyme with high efficiency. The review explores the potential of the gut microbiome of various organisms in the production of an efficient CAZyme system and the challenges in using the biofuels produced through this approach as an alternative to conventional biofuels.

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Gut microbiome of the largest living rodent harbors unprecedented enzymatic systems to degrade plant polysaccharides

Cited by 42 publications

References 91 publications

Targeting Gut Microbiota With Natural Polysaccharides: Effective Interventions Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Diseases

Targeting Gut Microbiota With Natural Polysaccharides: Effective Interventions Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Diseases

Taxonomic, genomic, and functional variation in the gut microbiomes of wild spotted hyenas across two decades of study

CAZyme from gut microbiome for efficient lignocellulose degradation and biofuel production

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