Guilt, discord, and alienation: The role of religious strain in depression and suicidality

Do Religious Struggles Mediate the Association between Day-to-Day Discrimination and Depressive Symptoms?

“…Our results are consistent with previous studies of discrimination and depression (Brown et al 2000;Gayman and Barragan 2013;Gee et al 2006Gee et al , 2007;;Keith et al 2010;Kessler et al 1999;Lee and Turney 2012;Miller et al 2013;Mossakowski 2003;Noh and Kaspar 2003;Paradies et al 2015;Pascoe and Richman 2009;Schulz et al 2006;Steffen and Bowden 2006;Taylor and Turner 2002;Vaghela and Sutin 2016;Versey and Curtin 2016;Williams et al 2003). Our findings also confirm previous examinations of religious struggles and depression (Ano and Vasconcelles 2005;Exline et al 1999Exline et al , 2000Exline et al , 2014Exline et al , 2016;;Fitchett et al 2004;Galek et al 2007;Koenig et al 1998;Krause et al 1999;Krause and Wulff 2004;McConnell et al 2006;Pargament et al 2004;Stauner et al 2016;Uecker et al 2016;Wilt et al 2016b). Previous studies have linked various stressors (mostly health problems) with religious struggles (Ai et al 2010;Ellison et al 2010;Exline et al 2011;Fitchett et al 2004;Gall et al 2009;Krause and Hayward 2012;Koenig et al 1998;Wor...…”

Do Religious Struggles Mediate the Association between Day-to-Day Discrimination and Depressive Symptoms?

“…Our results are consistent with previous studies of discrimination and depression (Brown et al 2000;Gayman and Barragan 2013;Gee et al 2006Gee et al , 2007;;Keith et al 2010;Kessler et al 1999;Lee and Turney 2012;Miller et al 2013;Mossakowski 2003;Noh and Kaspar 2003;Paradies et al 2015;Pascoe and Richman 2009;Schulz et al 2006;Steffen and Bowden 2006;Taylor and Turner 2002;Vaghela and Sutin 2016;Versey and Curtin 2016;Williams et al 2003). Our findings also confirm previous examinations of religious struggles and depression (Ano and Vasconcelles 2005;Exline et al 1999Exline et al , 2000Exline et al , 2014Exline et al , 2016;;Fitchett et al 2004;Galek et al 2007;Koenig et al 1998;Krause et al 1999;Krause and Wulff 2004;McConnell et al 2006;Pargament et al 2004;Stauner et al 2016;Uecker et al 2016;Wilt et al 2016b). Previous studies have linked various stressors (mostly health problems) with religious struggles (Ai et al 2010;Ellison et al 2010;Exline et al 2011;Fitchett et al 2004;Gall et al 2009;Krause and Hayward 2012;Koenig et al 1998;Wor...…”

Theological beliefs about suffering and interactions with the divine.

“…Students showed a moderate degree of participation in r/s activities on average, and they evinced rather low levels of doubt about the existence of God and tended not to endorse images of God as cruel or distant. These findings were in line with previous research (Blaine & Crocker, 1995; Exline et al, 2000, 2015; Wood et al, 2010) suggesting that people in the U.S. have a generally positive outlook on r/s life.…”

Religious Crisis as an Independent Causal Predictor of Psychological Distress: Understanding the Unique Role of the Numinous for Intrapsychic Functioning

“…Overall, our findings support previous research that has found that personality, particularly the FFM dimensions of N, A, and O, is a robust predictor of both R/S struggles and psychological distress (Grubbs et al 2016;Piedmont 2020;Wilt et al 2016;Wood et al 2010). Moreover, also consistent with previous research, we found that R/S struggles are associated with higher scores of psychological distress and emotional dysphoria (Ano and Vasconcelles 2005;Exline 2013;Exline and Yali 2000;Witvliet et al 2004;Piedmont forthcoming;Pomerleau et al 2019). Importantly, our study also extends previous research in some important ways by finding evidence of potential causal pathways that go beyond basic correlations.…”

Do Religious Struggles Mediate the Association between Day-to-Day Discrimination and Depressive Symptoms?

“…Our results are consistent with previous studies of discrimination and depression (Brown et al 2000;Gayman and Barragan 2013;Gee et al 2006Gee et al , 2007;;Keith et al 2010;Kessler et al 1999;Lee and Turney 2012;Miller et al 2013;Mossakowski 2003;Noh and Kaspar 2003;Paradies et al 2015;Pascoe and Richman 2009;Schulz et al 2006;Steffen and Bowden 2006;Taylor and Turner 2002;Vaghela and Sutin 2016;Versey and Curtin 2016;Williams et al 2003). Our findings also confirm previous examinations of religious struggles and depression (Ano and Vasconcelles 2005;Exline et al 1999Exline et al , 2000Exline et al , 2014Exline et al , 2016;;Fitchett et al 2004;Galek et al 2007;Koenig et al 1998;Krause et al 1999;Krause and Wulff 2004;McConnell et al 2006;Pargament et al 2004;Stauner et al 2016;Uecker et al 2016;Wilt et al 2016b). Previous studies have linked various stressors (mostly health problems) with religious struggles (Ai et al 2010;Ellison et al 2010;Exline et al 2011;Fitchett et al 2004;Gall et al 2009;Krause and Hayward 2012;Koenig et al 1998;Wor...…”

Theological beliefs about suffering and interactions with the divine.

“…Students showed a moderate degree of participation in r/s activities on average, and they evinced rather low levels of doubt about the existence of God and tended not to endorse images of God as cruel or distant. These findings were in line with previous research (Blaine & Crocker, 1995; Exline et al, 2000, 2015; Wood et al, 2010) suggesting that people in the U.S. have a generally positive outlook on r/s life.…”

Religious Crisis as an Independent Causal Predictor of Psychological Distress: Understanding the Unique Role of the Numinous for Intrapsychic Functioning

“…Overall, our findings support previous research that has found that personality, particularly the FFM dimensions of N, A, and O, is a robust predictor of both R/S struggles and psychological distress (Grubbs et al 2016;Piedmont 2020;Wilt et al 2016;Wood et al 2010). Moreover, also consistent with previous research, we found that R/S struggles are associated with higher scores of psychological distress and emotional dysphoria (Ano and Vasconcelles 2005;Exline 2013;Exline and Yali 2000;Witvliet et al 2004;Piedmont forthcoming;Pomerleau et al 2019). Importantly, our study also extends previous research in some important ways by finding evidence of potential causal pathways that go beyond basic correlations.…”

Do Religious Struggles Mediate the Association between Day-to-Day Discrimination and Depressive Symptoms?

“…Our results are consistent with previous studies of discrimination and depression (Brown et al 2000;Gayman and Barragan 2013;Gee et al 2006Gee et al , 2007;;Keith et al 2010;Kessler et al 1999;Lee and Turney 2012;Miller et al 2013;Mossakowski 2003;Noh and Kaspar 2003;Paradies et al 2015;Pascoe and Richman 2009;Schulz et al 2006;Steffen and Bowden 2006;Taylor and Turner 2002;Vaghela and Sutin 2016;Versey and Curtin 2016;Williams et al 2003). Our findings also confirm previous examinations of religious struggles and depression (Ano and Vasconcelles 2005;Exline et al 1999Exline et al , 2000Exline et al , 2014Exline et al , 2016;;Fitchett et al 2004;Galek et al 2007;Koenig et al 1998;Krause et al 1999;Krause and Wulff 2004;McConnell et al 2006;Pargament et al 2004;Stauner et al 2016;Uecker et al 2016;Wilt et al 2016b). Previous studies have linked various stressors (mostly health problems) with religious struggles (Ai et al 2010;Ellison et al 2010;Exline et al 2011;Fitchett et al 2004;Gall et al 2009;Krause and Hayward 2012;Koenig et al 1998;Wor...…”

Theological beliefs about suffering and interactions with the divine.

“…Students showed a moderate degree of participation in r/s activities on average, and they evinced rather low levels of doubt about the existence of God and tended not to endorse images of God as cruel or distant. These findings were in line with previous research (Blaine & Crocker, 1995; Exline et al, 2000, 2015; Wood et al, 2010) suggesting that people in the U.S. have a generally positive outlook on r/s life.…”

Religious Crisis as an Independent Causal Predictor of Psychological Distress: Understanding the Unique Role of the Numinous for Intrapsychic Functioning

“…Overall, our findings support previous research that has found that personality, particularly the FFM dimensions of N, A, and O, is a robust predictor of both R/S struggles and psychological distress (Grubbs et al 2016;Piedmont 2020;Wilt et al 2016;Wood et al 2010). Moreover, also consistent with previous research, we found that R/S struggles are associated with higher scores of psychological distress and emotional dysphoria (Ano and Vasconcelles 2005;Exline 2013;Exline and Yali 2000;Witvliet et al 2004;Piedmont forthcoming;Pomerleau et al 2019). Importantly, our study also extends previous research in some important ways by finding evidence of potential causal pathways that go beyond basic correlations.…”