Guidelines for endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer

Abstract

The Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society developed the Guideline for Endoscopic Diagnosis of Early Gastric Cancer based on scientific methods. Endoscopy for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer has been acknowledged as a useful and highly precise examination, and its use has become increasingly more common in recent years. However, the level of evidence in this field is low, and it is often necessary to determine recommendations based on expert consensus only. This clinical practice guideline consists of the following sections to provide the current guideline: [I] Risk stratification of gastric cancer before endoscopic examination, [II] Detection of early gastric cancer, [III] Qualitative diagnosis of early gastric cancer, [IV] Diagnosis to choose the therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer, [V] Risk stratification after endoscopic examination, and [VI] Surveillance of early gastric cancer.

Principles and practice to facilitate complete photodocumentation of the upper gastrointestinal tract: World Endoscopy Organization position statement

“…In Japan, systematic screening of the stomach (SSS) is an alternative method to exclusively screen the stomach with 22 images without documenting the EGJ and the pyloric channel. 31 The systematic exam herein described differs from the SSS proposal in its overlapped non-blind regions characteristics and its alphanumeric code system. Noteworthily, gastric SACE is, in practice, part of a complete system evaluation of the upper GI tract, which includes the pharynx, the esophagus, and the duodenum 3,8 (Fig.…”

Current status and future perspective of artificial intelligence applications in endoscopic diagnosis and management of gastric cancer

“…The stomach is an organ with a wide, curved lumen, and there are blind spots in the stomach even when the entire stomach is examined. 13 If AI can recognize the anatomical regions of the stomach, it can be confirmed that the entire stomach was comprehensively examined. Takiyama et al 14 introduced an AI system based on the images from EGD, to divide the upper gastrointestinal tract into the pharynx, esophagus, upper stomach, middle stomach, lower stomach, and duodenum ( Fig.…”

“…Inadequate examination of the stomach is one of the reasons for missing the GC on endoscopy. The stomach is an organ with a wide, curved lumen, and there are blind spots in the stomach even when the entire stomach is examined 13 . If AI can recognize the anatomical regions of the stomach, it can be confirmed that the entire stomach was comprehensively examined.…”

“…It has been reported that magnifying endoscopy with narrow band light methods (narrow band imaging, NBI; blue laser imaging: BLI; LCI etc) is more useful for the qualitative diagnosis of EGC than conventional endoscopy with white light 13,34–37 . Magnifying endoscopy with narrow band light method has become popular in recent times.…”

Predictive Model of Nonneoplastic Pathology after Endoscopic Resection of Gastric Epithelial Neoplasia

“…Good demarcation was defined when any of the followings were met: presence of a demarcation line and color change of tumor compared to background mucosa. 15,16 Atrophic gastritis was described according to Kimura-Takemoto classification. 17 Intestinal metaplasia was determined as the presence of whitish or erythematous nodular lesions and/ or presence of blue light crest on narrow band imaging.…”