Gsp1 Triggers the Sexual Developmental Program Including Inheritance of Chloroplast DNA and Mitochondrial DNA in <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i>

Nishimura, Yoshiki; Shikanai, Toshiharu; Nakamura, Soichi; Kawai‐Yamada, Maki; Uchimiya, Hirofumi

doi:10.1105/tpc.112.097865

Cited by 55 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…g086050), a putative ABC transporter (Cre04.g220850), or a putative inositol 1-phosphate synthase (Cre03.g180250). The presence of the latter gene in C39 is intriguing considering the recent implication of an inositol monophosphatase-like gene in sexual development of C. reinhardtii (Nishimura et al 2012). …”

Section: Some Mating Type-specific Genes Have Putative Orthologs In Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomics in Chlamydomonas and Plasmodium identifies an ancient nuclear envelope protein family essential for sexual reproduction in protists, fungi, plants, and vertebrates

et al. 2013

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Fertilization is a crucial yet poorly characterized event in eukaryotes. Our previous discovery that the broadly conserved protein HAP2 (GCS1) functioned in gamete membrane fusion in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas and the malaria pathogen Plasmodium led us to exploit the rare biological phenomenon of isogamy in Chlamydomonas in a comparative transcriptomics strategy to uncover additional conserved sexual reproduction genes. All previously identified Chlamydomonas fertilization-essential genes fell into related clusters based on their expression patterns. Out of several conserved genes in a minus gamete cluster, we focused on Cre06.g280600, an ortholog of the fertilization-related Arabidopsis GEX1. Gene disruption, cell biological, and immunolocalization studies show that CrGEX1 functions in nuclear fusion in Chlamydomonas. Moreover, CrGEX1 and its Plasmodium ortholog, PBANKA_113980, are essential for production of viable meiotic progeny in both organisms and thus for mosquito transmission of malaria. Remarkably, we discovered that the genes are members of a large, previously unrecognized family whose first-characterized member, KAR5, is essential for nuclear fusion during yeast sexual reproduction. Our comparative transcriptomics approach provides a new resource for studying sexual development and demonstrates that exploiting the data can lead to the discovery of novel biology that is conserved across distant taxa.

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Section: Some Mating Type-specific Genes Have Putative Orthologs In Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomics in Chlamydomonas and Plasmodium identifies an ancient nuclear envelope protein family essential for sexual reproduction in protists, fungi, plants, and vertebrates

et al. 2013

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“…Interestingly, the genetic program that directs sporophyte development in the bryophyte moss Physcomitrella is directed by a KNOX family homeodomain transcription factor whose homologs in the chlorophyte alga C. reinhardtii direct development of the dormant diploid zygospore formed after fertilization (Lee et al 2008;Nishimura et al 2012;Sakakibara et al 2013). The role of these homeodomain proteins in charophyte algae has not been examined, but they are predicted to participate in zygote development.…”

Section: Multicellular Innovations In Land Plants That May Be Rooted mentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Algae and the Origins of Multicellularity in the Plant Kingdom

Umen

2014

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

117

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The green lineage of chlorophyte algae and streptophytes form a large and diverse clade with multiple independent transitions to produce multicellular and/or macroscopically complex organization. In this review, I focus on two of the best-studied multicellular groups of green algae: charophytes and volvocines. Charophyte algae are the closest relatives of land plants and encompass the transition from unicellularity to simple multicellularity. Many of the innovations present in land plants have their roots in the cell and developmental biology of charophyte algae. Volvocine algae evolved an independent route to multicellularity that is captured by a graded series of increasing cell-type specialization and developmental complexity. The study of volvocine algae has provided unprecedented insights into the innovations required to achieve multicellularity.

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“…If so, this represents another example in which the control of UPI is through genetic factors that have been recruited into the region of the genome that includes the sex-determining genes. Even more compelling is evidence that the homeodomain protein Gsp1 is also involved in C. reinhardtii, because codeletion of this gene and the adjacent homolog of an inositol monophosphatase impairs UPI (31).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Determination Directs Uniparental Mitochondrial Inheritance in Phycomyces

Shakya

Idnurm

2014

Eukaryot Cell

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Uniparental inheritance (UPI) of mitochondria is common among eukaryotes. The underlying molecular basis by which the sexes of the parents control this non-Mendelian pattern of inheritance is yet to be fully understood. Two major factors have complicated the understanding of the role of sex-specific genes in the UPI phenomenon: in many cases (i) fusion occurs between cells of unequal size or (ii) mating requires a large region of the genome or chromosome that includes genes unrelated to sex determination. The fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus is a member of the Mucoromycotina and has a simple mating type locus encoding only one high-mobility group (HMG) domain protein, and mating occurs by fusion of isogamous cells, thus providing a model system without the limitations mentioned above. Analysis of more than 250 progeny from a series of genetic crosses between wild-type strains of Phycomyces revealed a correlation between the individual genes in the mating type locus and UPI of mitochondria. Inheritance is from the plus (؉) sex type and is associated with degradation of the mtDNA from the minus (؊) parent. These findings suggest that UPI can be directly controlled by genes that determine sex identity, independent of cell size or the complexity of the genetic composition of a sex chromosome.

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Gsp1 Triggers the Sexual Developmental Program Including Inheritance of Chloroplast DNA and Mitochondrial DNA in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Cited by 55 publications

References 71 publications

Comparative genomics in Chlamydomonas and Plasmodium identifies an ancient nuclear envelope protein family essential for sexual reproduction in protists, fungi, plants, and vertebrates

Comparative genomics in Chlamydomonas and Plasmodium identifies an ancient nuclear envelope protein family essential for sexual reproduction in protists, fungi, plants, and vertebrates

Green Algae and the Origins of Multicellularity in the Plant Kingdom

Sex Determination Directs Uniparental Mitochondrial Inheritance in Phycomyces

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