Growth, sucrose synthase, and invertase activities of developing <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L. fruits

Sung, Shi-Jean S.; Sheih, W.J.; Geiger, Donald R.; Black, Clanton C.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.1994.tb00310.x

Cited by 68 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This is associated with the peak activity of AI sol in accordance with observations of high activities of AI sol in a wide range of expanding tissues, such as young sink leaves (Morris and Arthur, 1984;Pate et al, 1985), elongating pods (Sung et al, 1994), expanding internodes, gravistimulated pulvini, fibrous roots, flower petals, and early stages of fruit expansion (Quick and Schaffer, 1996). Soluble AI has been demonstrated to be induced by exogenous IAA in a variety of tissues (Morris, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Function and Dynamics of Auxin and Carbohydrates during Earlywood/Latewood Transition in Scots Pine

et al. 2001

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In temperate regions the annual pattern of wood development is characterized by the formation of radially narrow and thick walled latewood cells. This takes place at the later part of the growing season when cambial cell division declines. To gain new insight into the regulation of this process, micro-analytical techniques were used to visualize the distribution of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), soluble carbohydrates, and activities of sucrose (Suc)-metabolizing enzymes across the cambial region tissues in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). The total amount of IAA in the cambial region did not change with latewood initiation. But its radial distribution pattern was altered, resulting in an increased concentration in the cambial meristem and its recent derivatives. Thus, initiation of latewood formation and cessation of cambial cell division is not a consequence of decreased IAA concentrations in dividing and expanding cells. Rather, IAA most likely has a role in defining the altered developmental pattern associated with latewood formation. Carbohydrates and enzyme activities showed distinctive radial distribution patterns. Suc peaked in the phloem and decreased sharply to low levels across the cambial zone, whereas fructose and glucose reached their highest levels in the maturing tracheids. Suc synthase was the dominating Suc cleaving enzyme with a peak in the secondary wall-forming tracheids and in the phloem. Soluble acid invertase peaked in dividing and expanding cells. Suc-phosphate synthase had its highest activities in the phloem. Activities of cell wall bound invertase were low. The absence of major seasonal variations indicates that carbohydrate availability is not a trigger for latewood initiation. However, steep concentration gradients of the sugars suggest a role for sugar signaling in vascular development.The annual transition from earlywood to latewood formation is a conspicuous developmental switch in temperate region trees. Latewood is induced during the later part of the growing season, when cell division activity in the cambial meristem declines. It involves a reduction in radial expansion and an increase in wall thickening of the cambial derivatives. Thus, earlywood is characterized by large-diameter and thin-walled tracheids, whereas latewood is composed of narrow diameter tracheids with thick cell walls. The induction of latewood cells and cambial dormancy offers a natural system by which we can gain new insight into the regulation of the basic growth processes of cell division and cell morphology.Early investigators concluded that the initiation of latewood formation was induced by shortening of the photoperiod, and was associated with cessation of apical and needle growth at a time when current year needles had become net exporters of photosynthetic assimilate (Richardson and Dinwoodie, 1960; Larson, 1964; Gordon and Larson, 1968). It was also observed that exogenous IAA could cause cambia that were forming narrow-diameter latewood tracheids to revert to forming large-diameter earlywood tracheids...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Function and Dynamics of Auxin and Carbohydrates during Earlywood/Latewood Transition in Scots Pine

et al. 2001

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“…The major free sugar was any of the three free sugars, depending upon the growing seasons and cultivars; however, all the sugars content in stem was relatively higher than in floret and leaf. Sucrose, a minor free sugar in floret and leaf tissue, was drastically higher in stem, that might be due to lower acid invertase activity in the stem than in the floret and leaf (Hubbard and Pharr, 1992;Sung et al, 1994). These results suggested sweeter taste of stem compared to floret and leaf as sucrose is the one of the major free sugars responsible for the sweetness (Joesten et al, 2007).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Seasonal Variation in Contents of Sugars in Different Parts of Broccoli

Bhandari¹,

Kwak²

2015

HST

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Seasonal variation in the contents of sugars (fructose, glucose, and sucrose) in the floret, leaf, and stem of broccoli were studied in ten commercial broccoli cultivars. Plants were grown in the spring and fall seasons in 2011. In both seasons, glucose was the major constituent, comprising about 50% of the total sugar content in the floret and leaf tissue of most cultivars, whereas the broccoli stem showed an unusual pattern of accumulation. Sucrose exhibited greater cultivar dependency as well as seasonal variation compared to fructose and glucose in floret and leaf tissues. The floret tissue had a higher total content of sugar in the spring compared to the fall due to an increase in glucose and fructose. However, most of the leaf and stem tissues of broccoli had a higher total sugar content in the fall compared to the spring. Furthermore, stem and leaf tissues possessed a relatively higher total sugar content compared to floret tissue in both seasons. 'Grandeur' broccoli contained a significantly greater amount of total sugar in both floret and leaf tissues in both seasons, whereas 'YuDoRi No.1' broccoli exhibited the highest total content of sugar in stem tissue. At overall, the results showed significant influences of genotype, plant part and growing season on sugar content in broccoli.

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“…Sucrose synthase activity predominated over invertases during grain development [29]. Pathway of sucrose conversion may depend on the processes occurring in the tissue at that time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic Variation for High Temperature Tolerance in Relation to Carbon Partitioning and Grain Sink Activity in Wheat

Asthir¹,

Kaur²,

Bains³

et al. 2012

AJPS

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Effect of high temperature tolerance in relation to carbon partitioning and grain sink activity was studied in ten genotypes of wheat (viz C 306, PBW 343, PBW 502, PBW 509, PBW 521, PBW 522, PBW 550, Inqalab, WL 711 and Sonalika) under normal (November, 25.6˚C during grain filling) and late planting conditions (December, 29.4˚C). Contents of reducing sugars first increased till actively metabolizing stage i.e. 14 days after anthesis (DAA) in parallel with the activity of acid invertase and thereafter declined. Significant reduction in total free sugars and sucrose content was observed during grain development. Acid invertase activity got induced especially in PBW 343 and C 306 under late sown conditions, whereas sucrose synthase, total amylase activities got repressed. Sucrose synthase was significantly high at all stages and it predominated over invertases. Neutral invertase and total amylase showed peak activity of one week earlier in the late sown crop as compared to normal sown crop. A premature cessation of starch deposition occurred in cvs PBW 521, PBW 522 under late sown conditions due to shortening of grain filling period. Our results suggest that decline in sugar content in spite of high sucrolytic enzymes may be correlated to more utilization of assimilates over production/translocation for grain sink activity under high temperature influences. Knowledge of the mechanisms that underlie carbohydrate partitioning in diverse genotypes could be exploited for generating germplasm that can tolerate high temperature.

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Growth, sucrose synthase, and invertase activities of developing Phaseolus vulgaris L. fruits

Cited by 68 publications

References 33 publications

Function and Dynamics of Auxin and Carbohydrates during Earlywood/Latewood Transition in Scots Pine

Function and Dynamics of Auxin and Carbohydrates during Earlywood/Latewood Transition in Scots Pine

Seasonal Variation in Contents of Sugars in Different Parts of Broccoli

Genotypic Variation for High Temperature Tolerance in Relation to Carbon Partitioning and Grain Sink Activity in Wheat

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