Growth, production and fin damage in cage-held 0+ Atlantic salmon pre-smolts (Salmo salar L.) fed either a) on-demand, or b) to a fixed satiation–restriction regime: Data from a commercial farm

Noble, Chris; Kadri, Sunil; Mitchell, David F.; Huntingford, Felicity A.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.12.028

Cited by 49 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Worsened fi n condition infl uences swimming abilities and surviving of reared fi sh in natural conditions (Bosakowski and Wagner, 1995). Fin erosions are caused by abrasion against tank surface and by physical contact with other fi sh, especially when feeding (Person-Le Ruyet et al, 2007;Turnbull et al, 2008;Adams et al, 2011), by inapropriate diet composition, feeding management, (Latremouille, 2003;Noble et al, 2008), thoughtless manipulation (Svobodová et al, 2007) and bacterial infections (Ellis et al, 2002;Latremouille, 2003). A certain infl uence on fi n condition has a stocking density, water quality (Person-Le Ruyet et al, 2008) and type of rearing facility (Moring, 1982;Turnbull et al, 1998).…”

Section: Causes Of Fin Damagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fin condition of fish kept in aquacultural systems

Klíma¹,

Kopp²,

Hadašová³

et al. 2013

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun.

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Section: Causes Of Fin Damagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fin condition of fish kept in aquacultural systems

Klíma¹,

Kopp²,

Hadašová³

et al. 2013

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun.

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“…In intensive aquaculture, studies on the frequency and severity of fin damage and its causes have focused on salmonids that are commonly affected both in freshwater and sea water (Turnbull et al 1998;North et al 2006a,b;St-Hilaire et al 2006;Rasmussen et al 2007;Noble et al 2007Noble et al , 2008Person-Le Ruyet et al 2008;Ellis et al 2008;Good et al 2009;Roque et al 2009;Korsoen et al 2009). In rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farms, St-Hilaire et al (2006) showed that fin injuries were dependent on fish size, that the pectoral and dorsal fins were the most eroded and that there was high variability between individuals and different farms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of temperature, stocking density and farming conditions on fin damage in European sea bass (Dicentrarchuslabrax)

Ruyet

Bayon²

2009

Aquat. Living Resour.

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-This paper presents a non invasive, rapid and reliable way to quantitatively assess fin erosion in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). The method is based on a visual assessment of fin profile and area loss of all fins except the anterior dorsal, on a scale from 0 to 4 in comparison with a perfect fin. The effects of stocking density (SD) and temperature on fin damage were investigated under experimental conditions (100-250 g fish). Over a 4-month period, mean erosion index (mean erosion level of all fins) was 10 times higher at 120 than at 20 kg m −3 , where most fins were undamaged. Damage was also dependent on time and oxygen concentration (35% lower at 53% O 2 saturation than at 105%). Fin condition was also affected by temperature: mean erosion index was 0.22-0.25 at 13-16 • C, but five times higher at 25 • C. Caudal and dorsal fins were always the most eroded. Fin damage was then monitored in a large land-based farm using high SD, and in a small sea cage farm operating at low SD. At the first site, 6 batches of two market size groups were examined: L (850-930 g, 50-80 kg m −3 ) and S (375-400 g, 42-60 kg m −3 ). Fin condition was good in all batches (mean erosion index, 1.1-1.3) and lowest at the highest SD. At the second site, four batches of large fish (350-890 g, 26-24 kg m −3 ) and four other groups below market size (100-270 g, 8-16 kg m −3 ) were examined. Fin erosion was the highest in large fish (mean erosion index, 1.1-1.2) and in the sea cages most exposed to climatic disturbances. In both sites, the most eroded fins were the caudal and dorsal. Differences in other external injuries were also observed between the two sites (less necrosis and more scale injuries in sea cages). The causes of fin damage are discussed in relation to metabolic and/or behavioral adaptations to rearing conditions and the main actions that could be taken to improve fin condition are discussed. L'érosion des nageoires est la plus forte chez les gros poissons (niveau moyen d'érosion, 1,1-1,2) et dans les cages les plus exposées aux perturbations climatiques. Dans les deux sites, les nageoires les plus érodées sont la caudale et la nageoire dorsale postérieure. Des différences de l'état apparent des poissons sont aussi observées entre les deux sites (moins de nécroses et plus de lésions des écailles chez les poissons en cage). Les causes des lésions des nageoires sont discutées, en relation avec les ajustements du métabolisme et/ou du comportement aux conditions d'élevage, ainsi que les principales actions à mettre en oeuvre permettant d'améliorer l'état des nageoires.

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“…Lowercase letters denote significant differences between water current velocities, and numbers denote significant differences between weeks (p < 0.05) could be explained by the fish coming directly from the freshwater life stage potentially combined with periodic restrictions in feed availability, as often seen under commercial parr production. At the parr stage in fresh water, wild salmon are territorial and frequently show agonistic behaviours (Keenleyside & Yamamoto 1962), while fish stressed by feed restrictions in aquaculture production units may show increased fin nipping and thus erosion (Noble et al 2008). The reduction of cumulated fin erosions over time in our experiment may therefore be explained by a life stage-related decrease in agonistic behaviour, where salmon go from being territorial on riverbeds to becoming non-territorial pelagic swimmers in the open ocean (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Not too slow, not too fast: water currents affect group structure, aggression and welfare in post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

Solstorm¹,

Solstorm²,

Oppedal³

et al. 2016

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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Increased swimming speed of Atlantic salmon is generally considered an improvement to welfare under aquaculture settings, as group structure is improved and agonistic behaviour reduced. As such, establishing fish farms in exposed areas with fast water current velocities should be favourable. However, at some locations, velocities exceed what is known as preferable for salmonids, and this may compromise fish welfare. In this study, behaviour and fin erosion were observed on post-smolt salmon stocked at 39 kg m ). Movements that affect group structure and interactions between individuals varied by up to 20-fold between velocities. A behavioural change occurred directly after velocities were set. Severe fin erosion decreased over time in all groups, but new injuries increased almost 3-fold in the faster-velocity group. Our results suggest that moderate velocity is ideal from a welfare perspective. At slow velocity, higher frequency of structural movements and between-individual interactions could be stressful for the fish. At faster velocity, the fish have to focus on swimming, which could increase unintentional collisions with obstacles and other individuals and result in new fin erosion. Our results suggest that management of water currents may be an effective way of controlling behaviour and may thereby improve welfare.

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Growth, production and fin damage in cage-held 0+ Atlantic salmon pre-smolts (Salmo salar L.) fed either a) on-demand, or b) to a fixed satiation–restriction regime: Data from a commercial farm

Cited by 49 publications

References 33 publications

Fin condition of fish kept in aquacultural systems

Fin condition of fish kept in aquacultural systems

Effects of temperature, stocking density and farming conditions on fin damage in European sea bass (Dicentrarchuslabrax)

Not too slow, not too fast: water currents affect group structure, aggression and welfare in post-smolt Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

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