Growth of nanotubes for probe microscopy tips

Hafner, Jason H.; Cheung, Chin Li; Lieber, Charles M.

doi:10.1038/19658

Cited by 383 publications

(236 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We found that the catalytic sites would be considerably larger and often less homogeneously distributed over the surface at higher concentrations (e.g. 100-300 µg/mL Fe(NO 3 ) 3 •9H 2 O). The nanotube growths on such substrates were correspondingly larger in diameter and sparser.…”

Section: Pick-up Substrate Preparation and Nanotube Growthmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…To coat the substrates with catalytic iron nanoparticles, 1-30 drops of 1-30 µg/mL Fe(NO 3 ) 3 •9H 2 O solution in electronicsgrade isopropyl alcohol were applied while spinning substrates at 3000 r.p.m., waiting approximately 10 seconds between drops to permit the solvent to evaporate. We found that the catalytic sites would be considerably larger and often less homogeneously distributed over the surface at higher concentrations (e.g.…”

Section: Pick-up Substrate Preparation and Nanotube Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlating AFM Probe Morphology to Image Resolution for Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Tips

Wade

Shapiro

et al. 2004

Nano Lett.

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Methods we compared for attaching nanotubes to silicon AFM tips include manual assembly, direct growth and pickup.Smalley's group reported the first example of the use of carbon nanotubes as AFM tips in 1996. 1 They manually attached multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNT) and ropes of individual SWNTs to the apex of silicon pyramidal tips using tape adhesive and a micromanipulator in an optical microscope. The main drawback to this method is that MWNT tips large enough to be seen optically did not improve the resolution much beyond standard silicon tips when imaging isolated amyloid fibrils. 2 We found it fairly efficient to manually attach MWNTs to silicon AFM cantilevers with a 1000x optical microscope. In particular, the rate of assembly was quite high when a 15 V potential was applied between the silicon probe and the nanotubes. This resulted in nearly perfect and rapid alignment of the nanotube to the silicon tip. However, there was not a clear path to doing so with the thin SWNTs required for very high-resolution imaging.Lieber ,3,4 and Quate's 5 groups later showed that individual single wall carbon nanotubes could be directly grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on the silicon tips themselves by first pre-coating the tip with a metal catalyst. In the CVD synthesis of carbon nanotubes, metal catalyst nanoparticles are heated in the presence of a hydrocarbon gas or carbon monoxide; the gas molecules dissociate on the catalyst surface and carbon is adsorbed into the particle. As the carbon precipitates, a carbon nanotube is grown with a diameter similar to that of the catalyst particle.Two techniques for direct growth have been reported. One involves creating nanopores at the apex of the silicon tip by etching with hydrofluoric acid. Catalyst particles are then deposited inside the nanopores. Carbon nanotubes grown via CVD from such a tip have an appropriate geometry for AFM imaging. While this approach enables fabrication of SWNT tips, the preparation of the porous layer in the silicon is time consuming and placement of the nanotube at the optimal location near the tip apex is

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Section: Pick-up Substrate Preparation and Nanotube Growthmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Pick-up Substrate Preparation and Nanotube Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlating AFM Probe Morphology to Image Resolution for Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Tips

Wade

Shapiro

et al. 2004

Nano Lett.

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“…In the recent years, scientists are looking closely at the Neuroinvasive viruses and their role in the cardiovascular disease. 3,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] Most scientists agree to a common instigator of the cardiac pathology that anatomically leads to hypertension. 3 The pathological issues can only be resolved by the medical intervention.…”

Section: Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3) Antibodies to these highly Neuro invasive viruses, Human Herpes Virus 1 & 2, Cytomegalovirus HH5 are found to be the most prevalent and weak. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Cytomegalovirus-infected endothelial cells recruit neutrophils by the secretion of C-X-C chemokines and transmit virus by direct neutrophil-endothelial cell contact during neutrophil transendothelial migration. 32 Therefore, the neuro viral pathology of the heart disrupts the performance of the myocardium and lead to the hypertension and other electrophysiological dysfunctions.…”

Section: Axonal Lesionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breakthrough Treatment of Hypertension, Hypertension’s “Syndrome X” is now Re-defined.

Sheikh¹

2012

IOSR-JDMS

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“…Carbon nanotube (CNT) is one of the promising materials having exceptional properties for potential use in scanning probe sensors (Hafner et al 1999), cold cathode flat panel display (Choi et al 1999), fuel cells (Reddy et al 2009), supercapacitors (Niu et al 1997) and vacuum nanoelectronics. Compared to pristine CNTs, the synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) have gained growing interest to tailor the electronic (Terrones et al 2002;Ghosh et al 2010;Lim et al 2006), electrical (Ibrahim et al 2010) and mechanical properties (Ganesan et al 2010) with the controlled process parameters aid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-organized growth of bamboo-like carbon nanotube arrays for field emission properties

et al. 2012

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Well-aligned nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube (N-CNTs) film was fabricated on silicon substrate by thermal chemical vapor deposition process with varying the growth temperature. The effect of growth temperature on morphology, microstructure and crystallinity for the growth of N-CNTs was studied. At all growth temperatures, the bamboo-like morphology of graphene layers with compartments in CNTs were observed in transmission electron microscope micrographs. The doping level and the type of nitrogen-related moieties were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The compartment distance decreases with increase in nitrogen doping level in hexagonal graphite network. The increase in nitrogen doping level in N-CNTs will lead to decrease in crystallinity and in-plane crystallite size. Field emission study of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes grown at optimum parameters showed that they are good emitters with a turn-on and threshold field of 0.3 and 1.6 V/lm, respectively. The maximum current density was observed to be 18.8 mA/cm 2 at the electric field of 2.1 V/lm. It is considered that the enhanced field emission performance of doped nanotube is due to the presence of lone pairs of electrons on nitrogen atom that supplies more electrons to the conduction band.

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Growth of nanotubes for probe microscopy tips

Cited by 383 publications

References 14 publications

Correlating AFM Probe Morphology to Image Resolution for Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Tips

Correlating AFM Probe Morphology to Image Resolution for Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Tips

Breakthrough Treatment of Hypertension, Hypertension’s “Syndrome X” is now Re-defined.

Self-organized growth of bamboo-like carbon nanotube arrays for field emission properties

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