Growth of a single vortex line of<sup>3</sup>He-A in a narrow cylinder under rotation

Ishiguro, R.; Izumina, K.; Sasaki, Yutaka; Kubota, Minoru; Ishikawa, Osamu; Takagi, Toshimi

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/150/3/032033

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…463,464) They utilized a bundle or a single narrow cylinder whose radius is about 10 times larger than the dipole coherence length D $ 10 µm. The key observation is that the spinning up 3 He-A in a narrow cylinder undergoes a textural transition at a critical rotation speed.…”

Section: Continuous Vortices and Quasiparticles In 3 He-amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ISSP group has recently succeeded in observing the textural transformation, and the formation and annihilation of a single vortex in rotating 3 He-A confined to a narrow cylinder. 475,476 They utilized a bundle or a single narrow cylinder whose radius is about 10 times larger than the dipole coherence length ξ D ∼ 10µm. The key observation is that the spinning up 3 He-A in a narrow cylinder undergoes a textural transition at a critical rotation speed.…”

Section: Symmetry-protected Majorana Fermions In Vortices Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Symmetry-Protected Topological Superfluids and Superconductors —From the Basics to³He—

et al. 2016

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In this article, we give a comprehensive review of recent progress in research on symmetry-protected topological superfluids and topological crystalline superconductors, and their physical consequences such as helical and chiral Majorana fermions. We start this review article with the minimal model that captures the essence of such topological materials. The central part of this article is devoted to the superfluid 3 He, which serves as a rich repository of novel topological quantum phenomena originating from the intertwining of symmetries and topologies. In particular, it is emphasized that the quantum fluid confined to nanofabricated geometries possesses multiple superfluid phases composed of the symmetry-protected topological superfluid B-phase, the A-phase as a Weyl superfluid, the nodal planar and polar phases, and the crystalline ordered stripe phase. All these phases generate noteworthy topological phenomena, including topological phase transitions concomitant with spontaneous symmetry breaking, Majorana fermions, Weyl superfluidity, emergent supersymmetry, spontaneous edge mass and spin currents, topological Fermi arcs, and exotic quasiparticles bound to topological defects. In relation to the mass current carried by gapless edge states, we also briefly review a longstanding issue on the intrinsic angular momentum paradox in 3 He-A. Moreover, we share the current status of our knowledge on the topological aspects of unconventional superconductors, such as the heavy-fermion superconductor UPt 3 and superconducting doped topological insulators, in connection with the superfluid 3 He.In Sect. 3, we will share the topological aspect of a spinpolarized chiral p-wave superconducting state as a specific model having nontrivial w 2d ¼ Ch 1 . Topology subject to discrete symmetriesNaively, any one-dimensional closed loop S 1 cannot cover the target space S 2 . Thus, a generic 2 Â 2 Hamiltonian in one dimension cannot provide a stable topological structure. However, discrete symmetries of H in Eq. (3) impose strong constraints on the spinorm, and thus nontrivial topological numbers can be introduced even in one dimension, as illustrated below.Particle-hole symmetry C 2 ¼ þ1 (class D)-Let us first suppose that the minimal Hamiltonian (13) holds the PHS C ¼ x K (C 2 ¼ þ1). The operation of PHS changes the spinor mðkÞ to ½Àm x ðÀkÞ; Àm y ðÀkÞ;m z ðÀkÞ. For the momentum space characterized by S 2 , there are two particle-hole invariant momenta, k ¼ 0 and jkj ¼ 1, where the infinite points are identical to a single point. At the particle-hole invariant momenta, the spinorm must point to the north or south pole on S 2 . Therefore, we have two different situations: One is that the spinorsm at k ¼ 0 and jkj ¼ 1 point in the same direction,m z ð0Þ ¼m z ð1Þ; ð26Þ Fig. 3. (Color online) Target spaces M subject to discrete symmetries T and C. Possible trajectories ofm on M with C 2 ¼ þ1 are also depicted.Fig. 24. (Color online) Low-lying quasiparticle spectra for the axisymmetric w-vortex (a) and v-vortex (b) with k z ¼ 0 and ...

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Section: Continuous Vortices and Quasiparticles In 3 He-amentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Symmetry-protected Majorana Fermions In Vortices Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symmetry-Protected Topological Superfluids and Superconductors —From the Basics to³He—

et al. 2016

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“…In the B phase, we do not observe the transformation of the NMR spectra due to the penetration of the vortex by changing the rotation angular velocity such as the spin wave or the shift of the NMR spectrum to higher resonance frequency [22]. This is because the critical angular velocity of the vortex penetration in the B phase cannot be exceeded in our experimental setup, which is about 70 rad/s estimated from the observed value of 4.5 rad/s in the A phase confined into the cylinder volume with a radius of 115 μm [9]. Our observation of the MH-ax and MH-hb textures by the transition from the B phase to A phase supports that any singularities in the A phase are not formed when the interface between the A phase and vortex-free B phase moves through the cylinder volume.…”

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confidence: 89%

“…We have investigated the texture in a narrow single cylinder with a diameter about ten times larger than the dipole coherence length, ξ D ≈ 10 μm. Earlier works [7,9] have shown that in this geometry, the vortex penetration does not occur within an available rotation and we can investigate only textures under our experimental condition. Some candidate textures formed in this geometry have been suggested for land d-vectors.…”

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confidence: 94%

Manipulating textures of rotating superfluidHe3−Aphase in a single narrow cylinder

et al. 2014

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We investigated order parameter textures of the rotating superfluid 3 He-A phase in a single narrow cylinder with a diameter of about 10 times the dipole coherence length by the cw-NMR method. It is theoretically proposed that in such a narrow cylinder, a few special textures will appear due to the confinement in a cylindrical geometry. We observed three types of NMR spectra in the A phase. The NMR spectra of the textures were identified by a comparison with the spin waves excited in the NMR potential using their numerically calculated resonance frequencies and relative intensities. We have established a method to selectively generate each one of the textures by controlling the conditions when the A phase was formed, such as the applied magnetic field, rotation angular velocity, and temperature.

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Growth of a single vortex line of³He-A in a narrow cylinder under rotation

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Symmetry-Protected Topological Superfluids and Superconductors —From the Basics to³He—

Symmetry-Protected Topological Superfluids and Superconductors —From the Basics to³He—

Manipulating textures of rotating superfluidHe3−Aphase in a single narrow cylinder

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Growth of a single vortex line of3He-A in a narrow cylinder under rotation

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Symmetry-Protected Topological Superfluids and Superconductors —From the Basics to3He—

Symmetry-Protected Topological Superfluids and Superconductors —From the Basics to3He—

Manipulating textures of rotating superfluidHe3−Aphase in a single narrow cylinder

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Growth of a single vortex line of³He-A in a narrow cylinder under rotation

Symmetry-Protected Topological Superfluids and Superconductors —From the Basics to³He—

Symmetry-Protected Topological Superfluids and Superconductors —From the Basics to³He—