Growth and spectral properties of Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺:NaGd(MoO₄)₂ crystal

Growth, thermal and spectral properties of Tm 3+ , Ho 3+ co-doped NaGd(MoO 4 ) 2 Crystal

“…This kind of crystals usually has similar scheelite CaWO 4 structure. M + and Re 3+ distribute between lattice points of Ca 2+ randomly, which can broaden spectral lines [13]. Most of MRe(TO 4 ) 2 crystals can melt congruently.…”

Frequency upconversion based thermally stable molybdate phosphors in a temperature sensing probe

“…15 UC luminescence from the polycrystalline Yb 3+ –Er 3+ :NaGd(MoO 4 ) 2 material has been explored by Kang et al 14 Wang et al developed NaGd(MoO 4 ) 2 crystals and investigated their spectral characteristics by codoping with Tm 3+ and Yb 3+ ions. 16 Zhang et al studied the spectroscopic properties of Dy 3+ -doped NaGd(MoO 4 ) 2 phosphors. 17 The rare-earth-based materials are vital in optical thermometry based on the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technique.…”

Effect of Hf 4+ doping on structure and enhancement of upconversion luminescence in Yb:Tm:LiNbO 3 crystals

“…While, as a sensitizer, Yb 3+ ion can strongly absorb the pumping light and transfer energy to Tm 3+ ions, which increases the pumping light absorption efficiency and lowers the laser threshold. [10,12] The upconversion luminescence of Yb 3+ and Tm 3+ codoped LiNbO 3 crystals has been reported by Xing et al [13] As we all know, the application of Yb:Tm:LiNbO 3 crystal in frequency doubler and laser medium material is limited by the photorefractive damage and the problem can be overcome by doping anti-photorefractive ions such as Mg 2+ , Zn 2+ , Sc 3+ , In 3+ , Hf 4+ , and Zr 4+ ions. [14][15][16][17][18][19] It is worthy of notice that luminescence behavior can be improved by doping anti-photorefractive ions.…”

“…Among them, Tm 3+ ion is well known as an activator of blue ( 1 G 4 → 3 H 6 transition), red ( 1 G 4 → 3 F 4 and 3 F 3 → 3 H 6 transitions), and NIR ( 3 H 4 → 3 H 6 and 3 F 4 → 3 H 6 transitions) emissions. [1,10,11] It is noteworthy that Tm 3+ ions can be applied to blue laser which exhibits applications in optical communication, color display, and so on. Although upconversion luminescence of Tm 3+ ions can be obtained under 980 nm excitation, the absorption of Tm 3+ ions at the pumping wavelength is weak.…”