Growth and body composition in preterm newborns with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a cohort study

Abstract

BPD. Anthropometric measurements were performed at birth and at 1 month of infant corrected age. Body composition was measured using an air displacement plethysmography (ADP) (PEA POD®) at 1 month of infant corrected age. Results Ninety-five newborns were eligible, of which 67 were included, 32.8% of them with BPD. Newborns with BPD presented lower gestational age at birth, greater need for resuscitation in the delivery room, received parenteral nutrition (PN) for a longer period of time, achieved lower weights during hospital stay and required more time to reach a full enteral diet. No statistically significant differences were observed in relation to anthropometric measurements and body composition at 1 month of infant corrected age between the groups with and without BPD. Conclusion This study, unlike previous ones, has shown that children who developed BPD were able to regain growth, as measured by anthropometric measures, with no change in body composition at 1 month of infant corrected age.

Growth and nutrition in children with established bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A review of the literature

“…These differences in body composition can be noted as early as 2 weeks of age 17 . Overall, comparing infants and children with BPD vs healthy controls has shown mixed results, with some showing a difference in FFM alone, 18 some showing a difference in both FM and FFM, 19 and others showing no difference 20 …”

“…17 Overall, comparing infants and children with BPD vs healthy controls has shown mixed results, with some showing a difference in FFM alone, 18 some showing a difference in both FM and FFM, 19 and others showing no difference. 20 Relating body composition to nutrition intake, deRegnier et al noted that those infants with BPD consumed less protein and energy in early life, leading to less arm fat and muscle accretion and slower growth in all measured parameters. When the infants with BPD reached an intake similar to that of infants without BPD, they had similar rates of growth.…”

Energy Expenditure and Body Composition in Preterm Newborns with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia at Term Age

“…Later, in a prospective cohort with preterm NBs, less than 32 weeks of GA carried out in three maternity hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, evaluating growth and body composition by air displacement plethysmography in the 1-month CGA, Martins et al (2018) did not observe differences between the NBs with and without BPD, both regarding the growth and body composition [9]. There was a difference of 15 to 20 years among these studies, and changes in nutritional practices used in NICUs may have in uenced the results found.…”

“…The qualitative assessment of body mass, separating the components of fat and lean mass, may re ect the biological and evolutionary changes during the development of NBs [5,6]. While lower lean mass has been reported in the population of preterm NBs with BPD [7,8], in a more recent study analysing growth and body composition through air displacement plethysmography in preterm NBs with gestational age (GA) less than 32 weeks with and without BPD, researchers found no statistically signi cant differences regarding growth and body composition between groups at one month corrected age [9].…”