Groundwater availability and water demand sustainability over the upper mega aquifers of Arabian Peninsula and west region of Iraq

Awadh, Salih Muhammad; Al-Mimar, Heba S.; Yaseen‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬, Zaher Mundher

doi:10.1007/s10668-019-00578-z

Cited by 90 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Humans depend mainly on groundwater for both drinking, agricultural, and industrial purposes [ 1 , 2 ]. It is, therefore, necessary to perfectly understand the geochemical processes that regulate the chemical composition of groundwater as it will improve the understanding of the hydro chemical systems in different regions around the world [ 3 ]. Such information can also improve groundwater resource management and utilization by highlighting the relationships between groundwater quality, aquifer lithology, and recharge type [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of artificial intelligence models for well groundwater quality simulation: Different modeling scenarios

Shiri

Yaseen‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Groundwater is one of the most important freshwater resources, especially in arid and semi-arid regions where the annual amounts of precipitation are small with frequent drought durations. Information on qualitative parameters of these valuable resources is very crucial as it might affect its applicability from agricultural, drinking, and industrial aspects. Although geo-statistics methods can provide insight about spatial distribution of quality factors, applications of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) models can contribute to produce more accurate results as robust alternative for such a complex geo-science problem. The present research investigates the capacity of several types of AI models for modeling four key water quality variables namely electrical conductivity (EC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), total dissolved solid (TDS) and Sulfate (SO4) using dataset obtained from 90 wells in Tabriz Plain, Iran; assessed by k-fold testing. Two different modeling scenarios were established to make simulations using other quality parameters and the geographical information. The obtained results confirmed the capabilities of the AI models for modeling the well groundwater quality variables. Among all the applied AI models, the developed hybrid support vector machine-firefly algorithm (SVM-FFA) model achieved the best predictability performance for both investigated scenarios. The introduced computer aid methodology provided a reliable technology for groundwater monitoring and assessment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of artificial intelligence models for well groundwater quality simulation: Different modeling scenarios

Shiri

Yaseen‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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“…Researchers investigate many regions in Iraq such as: Arabian Peninsula [22], Al-Khazir Gomal Basin [23], Bahr Al-Najaf depression [24], Northern Babylon Governorate [25], Kirkuk region [26], area between Al-Zubair and Umm Qasr [27], Badra-Al Al-Gharbi-Teeb areas [28], Al-Batin alluvial fan [29], Sulaymaniyah City [30], Galal Badra basin [31], Al-Dammam [32], and more. using 2D and 3D electrical imaging survey is more common in detecting the groundwater aquifer for choosing the best drilling site for the well.…”

Section: Groundwater Aquifer Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Study of the Direct-Coupled Photovoltaic Water Pumping System for the Rural-Isolated Agricultural Region in Iraq

salman¹,

Obed

Abid

2021

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The rural-isolated agricultural region in Iraq and some developing countries lack access to electricity, and thus the primarily alternative is to use diesel water pumping systems to irrigate their crops. However, due to a rise in the oil's price on the international market, toxic pollution from burning oil, high maintenance costs, and short lifespans have been challenged to create more viable alternatives. Renewable energy can limit the use of fossil fuels, particularly by using the solar-powered water pumping system. This article aimed at finding an optimal design for a direct-coupled photovoltaic water pumping system in Iraq. The article presents the significant design aspect for an optimal system, such as the groundwater aquifer depth, installation aspect, cost, and irrigation efficiency. The design offers a combination of sprinkler and environmentally sustainable and cost-effective photovoltaic technology to reduce electricity and water use. A deep well to the storage system is adopted with, 40m maximum well depth, 90m3 reservoir, 1200W submersible pump, and 1800 Wp, which can supply water to 12 greenhouses for three days. The yearly results show pumping efficiency is increased up to 42.6%, used water need is achieved at 10950 m3, and unused energy is reduced by 48.8%.

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“…All Arabian Gulf countries face a water situation similar to Kuwait's, with only minor variations in detail [86,87], and indeed, these issues are relevant throughout much of the arid MENA region [6,79]. In the Gulf, much discussion continues to focus on technological advances to increase or conserve supply (e.g., [26,88,89]), or even modern versions of Kuwait's pre-oil water imports from Iraq (e.g., [90]). Such discussions occasionally mention the need for demand management, and even subsidy reduction, but give little real guidance on how to do this.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Research Orientationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Policy for Water Pricing in Kuwait

2020

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This research investigates consumer willingness to pay (WTP) for water in Kuwait as a foundation for policy decisions on reducing water subsidies. Heavy subsidies have encouraged unsustainable very high consumption, but efforts to cut subsidies can generate strong political opposition. A survey (n = 443) indicates that WTP is greater at lower prices, but resistance is not purely about price. The presence of a continued partial water subsidy for basic household use slightly increases WTP, probably mainly from perceptions of fairness. Information about Kuwait’s water scarcity also has a small impact. All of these effect sizes are small, so we discuss these issues using a nudge framework from behavioral economics. A number of policies can foster small shifts in WTP; collectively they may have larger impact and make subsidy reduction relatively painless.

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Groundwater availability and water demand sustainability over the upper mega aquifers of Arabian Peninsula and west region of Iraq

Cited by 90 publications

References 44 publications

Development of artificial intelligence models for well groundwater quality simulation: Different modeling scenarios

Development of artificial intelligence models for well groundwater quality simulation: Different modeling scenarios

Performance Study of the Direct-Coupled Photovoltaic Water Pumping System for the Rural-Isolated Agricultural Region in Iraq

Sustainable Policy for Water Pricing in Kuwait

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