2018
DOI: 10.1126/science.aat5348
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Abstract: Hot gas giant exoplanets can lose part of their atmosphere due to strong stellar irradiation, affecting their physical and chemical evolution. Studies of atmospheric escape from

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Cited by 242 publications
(404 citation statements)
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References 67 publications
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“…In addition to WASP-107b (Spake et al 2018;Allart et al 2019, this work) extended helium atmospheres have been detected for the hot Jupiters HD 189733b HD 209458b (Alonso-Floriano et al 2019), the Saturn-mass planet WASP-69b (Nortmann et al 2018), and the Neptunes HAT-P-11b (Allart et al 2018;Mansfield et al 2018) andGJ 3470b (Ninan et al 2019). Four of these exoplanets orbit K stars while the remaining two orbit G and M stars.…”
Section: Predicting Promising Exoplanets For Observations Of He Imentioning
confidence: 70%
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“…In addition to WASP-107b (Spake et al 2018;Allart et al 2019, this work) extended helium atmospheres have been detected for the hot Jupiters HD 189733b HD 209458b (Alonso-Floriano et al 2019), the Saturn-mass planet WASP-69b (Nortmann et al 2018), and the Neptunes HAT-P-11b (Allart et al 2018;Mansfield et al 2018) andGJ 3470b (Ninan et al 2019). Four of these exoplanets orbit K stars while the remaining two orbit G and M stars.…”
Section: Predicting Promising Exoplanets For Observations Of He Imentioning
confidence: 70%
“…This makes K-star hosts the most favorable targets for detecting exoplanetary metastable helium. Similarly, Nortmann et al (2018) showed that the exoplanets with helium detections orbit stars with higher activity levels and receive greater levels of XUV radiation than the exoplanets with non-detections.…”
Section: Predicting Promising Exoplanets For Observations Of He Imentioning
confidence: 94%
“…As a result, we infer that the ionized calcium detected here mostly originates from the extended atmospheric envelope within the Roche lobe instead of from the already escaped material beyond the Roche lobe. Escaped material beyond the Roche lobe can potentially form a comet-like tail as detected in some exoplanets using the hydrogen Lyman-α and the helium 1083 nm absorptions (e. g. Ehrenreich et al 2015;Nortmann et al 2018).…”
Section: Transmission Spectrum Of Individual Ca II Linesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For M of 0.2 M ⊕ Gyr −1 and a wind temperature of 7300K this optimal spectral type is Ktype, consistent with the observation that all four successful detections of He I are for planets orbiting K-type stars, and there are only non-detections for planets transiting A-, G-, and M-type stars. Two planets which were not detected, WASP-12b of Kreidberg & Oklopčić (2018) and HD 209485b of Nortmann et al (2018), orbit G0 stars like K2-100, and are at separations which are well within a factor of two of K2-100b. However, those stars are older, less magnetically active, and presumably would have lower EUV luminosities.…”
Section: Interpretation and Discussionmentioning
confidence: 92%