Gross Pathological Findings of African Swine Fever Suspects in Oebelo, Kupang Regency, 2021

Abstract

African swine fever (ASF) is a destructive re-emerging swine disease that has posed a serious economic threat to the global pig farming sector. In past years, ASF has rapidly spread over Europe, Asia, and Oceania, and begin to enter Indonesia in the middle of 2019. The clinical and pathological symptoms of ASF are influenced by the strain's virulence, the transmission pathway, and the pig's immunological and health status. ASF’s clinical manifestations are known to evolve, from after an invasion enters a new free region to after the disease has been established in the territory for a longer period. Identifying ASF clinical signs and pathological changes is crucial for a comprehensive and reliable early detection system. The objective of this research is to observe and identify gross pathology in ASF suspect pigs in order to obtain a better understanding of the cause of death. Two dead pigs from a farm in Oebelo village, Kupang regency, Indonesia with a recent history of massive deaths had been examined in this study. The post-mortem results showed that hemorrhagic splenomegaly and hemorrhagic lymphadenitis were the main lesions observed at the examinations. Furthermore, hemorrhages were also found in various internal organs such as the kidneys, liver, and heart. To determine the exact cause of the pigs' deaths, a molecular diagnostic test should be conducted.

Laporan Kasus: Studi Morfopatologi Demam Babi Afrika pada Babi di Bogor, Jawa Barat

“…Kejadian infeksi ASF pada ternak babi sebelumnya dilaporkan pada tahun 2021 di Kupang dan telah dilakukan pemeriksaan patologi (Sanam et al, 2021) dan analisis nukleotida (Sanam et al, 2022). Pemeriksaan patologi menunjukkan lesi perdarahan parah pada dua organ pertahanan tubuh yaitu splenomegaly hemoragi dan limfadenitis hemoragika.…”

“…Pemeriksaan patologi menunjukkan lesi perdarahan parah pada dua organ pertahanan tubuh yaitu splenomegaly hemoragi dan limfadenitis hemoragika. Lesi perdarahan juga ditemukan pada organ ginjal, hati, dan jantung (Sanam et al, 2021). Hasil identifikasi virus menggunakan teknik polymerase chain reaction (PCR) menunjukkan kesamaan genetik dengan ASFV protein p72 (gen B464L) (Sanam et al, 2022).…”

“…Pengamatan pada tubuli ginjal menunjukkan bahwa epitel tubuli mengalami degenerasi sampai terjadi kematian sel atau nekrosis. Kongesti dan hemoragi terjadi pada berbagai organ termasuk organ ginjal (Sanam et al, 2021). Hemoragi ditemukan pada daerah interstisial dan glomerular ginjal.…”