Green synthesis of tri/tetrasubstituted 1H-imidazoles and 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones using nano aluminium nitride as solid source of ammonia

Abstract

A simple, green and cost-effective protocol was achieved for the synthesis of tri/tetrasubstituted-1H-imidazoles and 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones using nano aluminium nitride. The reaction was carried out under catalyst-free conditions and the products were isolated in good to excellent yield.

Copper(I) complex of 1,3‐DimethylBarbituric acid modified SBA‐15 and its catalytic role for the synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐ones and Imidazoles

“…In continuation of our studies on synthesis of new heterogeneous catalyst and its applicationsin organic reactions, Cu(I)‐1,3‐dimethylbarbituric acid modified SBA‐15 was synthesized and characterized by a variety of physico‐chemical techniques. Herein we depict the preparation of a new heterogenised catalyst by functionalization of SBA‐15with 3‐aminopropyl triethoxy silane, subsequent immobilization of 1,3‐dimethylbarbituric acid group on the synthesized SBA‐15‐ nPr‐NH 2 and subsequent to that event copper(I) complexed with 1,3‐dimethylbarbituric acid.…”

Catalytic Synthesis of 1,2,4,5‐Tetrasubstituted 1H‐Imidazole Derivatives: State of the Art

“…[96] O Ph Still in 2015, nano-aluminum nitride (AlN) was used in the synthesis of imidazoles 15 at 130 °C under solvent-free conditions. [97] The reactions were carried out using a large molar excess of nano-AlN in the presence of a few drops of water, which reacted with AlN generating a solution of ammonia and Al(OH)3 which acted as catalyst (Scheme 27). [97] Scheme 27.…”

“…[97] The reactions were carried out using a large molar excess of nano-AlN in the presence of a few drops of water, which reacted with AlN generating a solution of ammonia and Al(OH)3 which acted as catalyst (Scheme 27). [97] Scheme 27. Synthesis of tetrasubstituted imidazoles 15 using nano-AlN as a solid source of ammonia and the catalyst Al(OH)3 Kannan and Sreekumar had previously described that even the clay supported titanium catalyst K10Ti, which could be prepared from commercially available clay montmoillonite K10 and titanocene dichloride, was a highly active catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of tetrasubstituted imidazoles 15 at 80-120 °C under solvent-free conditions.…”

One-pot synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazole derivatives catalyzed by btppc under solvent-free conditions

“…Several methods such as the hetero-Cope rearrangement [3] and four-component condensation [4] for the synthesis of trisubstituted imidazoles are reported. In recent years, the synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles has been catalyzed by I 2 [5], ZrCl 4 [6], ionic liquid [7], L-proline [8], microwave irradiation [9], Yb(OPf) 3 [10] [18], N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone hydrogen sulfate [19], europium triflate [20], sulfated zirconia [21], n-Bu 4 NBr [22], silica-supported Preyssler nanoparticles [23], (NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 24 ⋅4H 2 O [24], nano MgO [25], nano aluminium nitride [26], nano SiO 2 -supported ferric hydrogen sulfate (FHS) [27] and KSF supported 10-molybdo-2-vanadophosphoric acid [28]. Although some of the methods are actually efficient from the synthetic chemist's points, many of the synthetic protocols for imidazoles reported above suffer from one or more disadvantages, such as harsh reaction conditions, poor yields, and prolonged reaction time, use of hazardous and often expensive acid catalysts.…”