Green Nanocomposites from Renewable Resources:  Plant Oil−Clay Hybrid Materials

Uyama, Hiroshi; Kuwabara, Mai; Tsujimoto, Takashi; Nakano, Mitsuru; Usuki, Arimistu; Kobayashi, Shiro

doi:10.1021/cm0340227

Cited by 196 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Its advantages of high surface area, large aspect ratio (50 -1000), and platelet thickness of 10 Å make it suitable for reinforcement purposes. 10 The inorganic surface of MMT has also been modified by organic replacement of the interlayer sodium ions by various organic cations to make the platelets more compatible with polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan/clay nanocomposite film preparation and characterization

Ren

Hanna

2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

289

175

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Nanocomposites of chitosan and nanoclays (MMT-Na ϩ and Cloisite 30B) were prepared by solvent casting. The structural properties, thermal behaviors, and mechanical properties were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry analyses, and an Instron universal testing machine. XRD and TEM results indicated that an exfoliated structure was formed with addition of small amounts of MMT-Na ϩ to the chitosan matrix. Intercalation along with some exfoliation occurred with up to 5 wt % MMT-NaMicro-scale composite (tactoids) formed when Cloisite 30B was added to the chitosan matrix. Surface roughness increased with addition of a small amount of clay. Tensile strength of a chitosan film was enhanced and elongation-atbreak decreased with addition of clay into the chitosan matrix. Melt behavior and thermal stability did not change significantly with addition of clays.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan/clay nanocomposite film preparation and characterization

Ren

Hanna

2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

289

175

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“…2 Bio based nanocomposites are a more recent addition to the field. [3][4][5] In this contribution, it will be shown that wood fibers can be plated using nanoclays. In this way, the natural hydrogen-bonding affinity between fibers can be significantly reduced, enabling nanoplated fibers to be used in various applications such as improving fluff pulp quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoclay plating of cellulosic fiber surfaces

Lindström¹,

Banke²,

Larsson³

et al. 2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A basic problem in making cellulose-reinforced composites is achieving a dispersion of cellulosic fibers in an often olephinic polymer matrix. Drying cellulosic fibers results in the formation of fiber flocs/nodules because of their strong interfiber bonding, and this makes the hydrophilic cellulosic fibers difficult to disperse in a hydrophobic matrix material. One common approach to alleviate floc formation is to adsorb cationic surfactant onto anionically charged cellulose, which reduces the interfiber bonding, decreases floc formation and gives better compatibility with the matrix. In this report, a different approach is taken, namely to adsorb nanoclays onto the cellulosic fibers, and thereby reduce the natural hydrogen-bonding affinity between fibers. In a second report, the same technology will be shown to be advantageous to decrease floc formation in oleophinic composites reinforced with cellulosic fibers. This article summarizes experiments aimed at optimizing the chemistry of deposition of montmorillonite clay onto fiber surfaces. The aim was to optimize the chemical conditions for the heterodeposition of the anionic clay onto cationically charged fluff pulp. The experiments were designed to provide a theoretical framework for the deposition of the nanoclay onto the pulp fibers. High M w p-DADMAC and an exfoliated clay (achieved by passing the clay through a homogenizer) were used. As expected, a certain degree of charge overcompensation by adding an electrolyte was necessary to bring about deposition. The adsorbed amount of clay could be calculated from the charge balance between the overcompensated charge and the net clay charge, constituting the theoretical framework for nanoclay heterodeposition. As expected, montmorillonite clay greatly destroyed the joint strength between fibers (determined by evaluating the strength of paper made from treated fibers). The surface coverage (determined by ESCA) was shown to be a linear function of the attached amount of clay, and 3% clay was required to fully cover the fiber surfaces.

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“…[30] An acid-catalyzed curing of epoxidized plant oils in the presence of an organophilic montmorillonite produced organic-inorganic hybrids with a homogeneous structure at the nanometer level. Furthermore, high-performance hybrid coatings based on renewable plant oils have been developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic‐Inorganic Hybrids from Renewable Plant Oils and Clay

Uyama

Kuwabara

Tsujimoto

et al. 2004

Macromolecular Bioscience

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This study deals with the preparation and properties of a new class of organic-inorganic hybrids from renewable resources. The hybrids were synthesized by an acid-catalyzed curing of epoxidized triglycerides in the presence of an organophilic montmorillonite (a modified clay). The mechanical properties were improved by the incorporation of clay in the oil-based polymer matrix. The reinforcement effect due to the addition of clay was confirmed by dynamic viscoelasticity analysis. The hybrids showed relatively high thermal stability. The co-curing of epoxidized soybean and linseed oils in the presence of clay produced hybrids with controlled mechanical and coating properties. The barrier property of the hybrid towards water vapor was superior to that of the oil polymer. The development of the present hybrids consisting of inexpensive renewable resources, triglyceride and clay is expected to contribute to global sustainability.

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Green Nanocomposites from Renewable Resources: Plant Oil−Clay Hybrid Materials

Cited by 196 publications

References 24 publications

Chitosan/clay nanocomposite film preparation and characterization

Chitosan/clay nanocomposite film preparation and characterization

Nanoclay plating of cellulosic fiber surfaces

Organic‐Inorganic Hybrids from Renewable Plant Oils and Clay

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