Green manures in agriculture: A review

Saini, Pradip Kumar; Yadav, Rashmi; Yadav, Gulab Chand

doi:10.18805/bkap142

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…This might be owing to availability of continuous and balanced supply of nutrients for a prolonged period because of residual effect of organic and INM, both comprising the green-manuring crop in preceding rice. This corroborates the findings of Prasad et al, (2002) and Saini et al, (2019).…”

Section: Yield Attributes and Yieldsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of rice-establishment methods and nutrient management on productivity, profitability and soil health under rice (Oryza sativa)–groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) cropping system

T.K. SAMANT,

L.M. GARNAYAK,

R.K. PAIKARAY

et al. 2023

IJA

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A field experiment was conducted during the rainy (kharif) and winter (rabi) seasons of 2019–20 and 2020–21 at the Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, to study the effect of different riceestablishment methods and nutrient management on yield, economics and soil properties in rice (Oryza sativa L.)– groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cropping system. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with 3 replications. Six treatment combinations, comprising of 2 rice-establishment methods, viz. direct-seeded rice (DSR) and transplanted rice (TPR) and 3 levels of nutrient-management practices, viz. inorganic-100% soil test-based fertilizers (STBF), organic-dhaincha [Sesbania aculeata (Wild.) Pers.] green manuring +1/3rd soil test-based nitrogen (STBN) through vermicompost @2 t/ha + 1/3rd STBN through neem oil-cake @ 0.87 t/ha and integrated nutrient management (INM), viz. green-manuring + 50% STBN (inorganic @ 50.0 kg N/ha) + 100% P2 O5 + 100% K2 O, in rice during kharif were allotted to the main-plots. Three nutrient-management practices to groundnut during rabi, viz. 75% STBF, 100% STBF and 75% STBN (inorganic) + 25% STBN through FYM @ 1.63 t/ha + 0.2 lime requirement @ 0.38 t lime/ha + biofertilizers (Rhizobium + phosphate-solubilizing bacteria) + 100% P2 O5 + 100% K2 O, were allotted to the sub-plots. Transplanting of rice (TPR) increased the yield parameters of rice, resulting in 3.3% higher grain yield (5.65 t/ha) than direct seeding of rice. The INM improved the yield parameters of rice, resulting in 13.3 and 15.2% increase in grain yield over sole inorganic and organic practice, respectively. Carryover effect of the DSR on succeeding groundnut crop improved the yield attributes and resulted in 15.8% higher pod yield (2.49 t/ha) than the groundnut crop grown after TPR. Residual effect of organic nutrient management in rice crop enhanced the yield parameters of succeeding groundnut, resulting in 4.2 and 16.5% higher pod yield than the groundnut grown after INM and inorganic practice in rice, respectively. The INM practice in groundnut increased its yield parameters, resulting in 11.4 and 18.1% higher pod yield over 100% and 75% STBF, respectively. The DSR enhanced the system yield (12.51 t REY/ha) of rice-groundnut cropping system by 6.8% over TPR. The INM practice in rice crop enhanced system yield by 12.6 and 4.2% over inorganic and organic practice, respectively. Similarly, INM to groundnut crop resulted in 7.4 and 11.2% higher system yield than 100% and 75% STBF, respectively. The DSR, INM practice in rice and INM practice in groundnut crop fetched higher gross returns (`240.4 ×103 /ha, 245.5 ×103 /ha and 247.0 ×103 /ha), net returns (`97.2 ×103 /ha, 108.9 ×103 /ha and 92.7 ×103 /ha), benefit: cost ratio (1.71, 1.80 and 1.62) and system profitability (`207.9, 298.5 and 254.1/ha/day). Organic management under DSR and INM in groundnut improved the physico-chemical and biological properties of soil.

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Section: Yield Attributes and Yieldsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of rice-establishment methods and nutrient management on productivity, profitability and soil health under rice (Oryza sativa)–groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) cropping system

T.K. SAMANT,

L.M. GARNAYAK,

R.K. PAIKARAY

et al. 2023

IJA

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“…One of the advantages of using organic fertilizers made from cow urine is that they are completely natural and do not contain harmful chemicals or synthetic compounds (Saini et al, 2019;Shaji et al, 2021). They are also sustainable and environmentally friendly, made from renewable Revitalizing Agriculture: Role of Cow Dung and Urine in Promoting Sustainability resources and do not contribute to soil or water pollution.…”

Section: Organic Fertilizermentioning

confidence: 99%

Revitalizing Agriculture: Role of Cow Dung and Urine in Promoting Sustainability

Patra,

Bharti

2024

BKAP

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Cow dung and urine have been used as natural fertilizers and pesticides for centuries in India and recent scientific research has confirmed their effectiveness in promoting sustainable agriculture. Cow dung is a rich source of organic matter, essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and beneficial microorganisms that can enhance soil fertility and plant growth. On the other hand, cow urine contains high levels of nitrogen, urea and minerals that make it a potent fertilizer and pest repellent. Currently, there is growing research attention towards exploring the potential applications of cow dung and urine for sustainable agriculture. This study highlights the various uses of cow dung and urine, including their role in transforming from chemical to natural farming, converting fallow to fertile land and promoting sustainable agriculture to develop a healthier and more harmonious relationship between humans and the environment.

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“…Better performance of rice crop with INM had led to increase in plant growth resulting in higher grain yield. Saini et al (2019) opined that beneficial effects of green manuring in crop production should not be evaluated in isolation; however, in integration with chemical fertilizers.…”

Section: Growth and Yield Of Ricementioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and Residual Effect of Nutrient Management and Rice Establishment Methods on Productivity, Profitability, Nutrient Uptake and Resource Use Efficiency in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)-Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cropping System

Samant

Garnayak

Paikaray

et al. 2021

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Background: Rice and rice based cropping systems are of prime importance in global food production but continuous rice mono cropping and excessive dependence on chemical fertilisers degrade the soil quality, which can be partly solved by changing into rice-legume system. Methods: The field experiment was conducted during kharif and rabi of 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 at Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar to evaluate direct and residual effect of nutrient management and rice establishment methods on productivity, profitability, nutrient uptake and resource use efficiency in rice-groundnut system. Result: Transplanted rice increased the yield attributes of rice in both the years resulting in 6.0-8.1% higher grain yield than direct seeding. Integrated nutrient management (INM) significantly improved the growth and yield of rice as compared to sole organic and inorganic. Carryover effect of direct seeding increased growth and yield of succeeding groundnut. Residual effect of organic in preceding rice increased pod yield of groundnut. INM to groundnut increased yield parameters of the crop resulting in 19.7-20.2 and 38.9-40.0% higher pod yields than 100% and 75% soil test based fertiliser, respectively in both the years. Direct seeding of rice with INM practice in both the crops performed superior in rice-groundnut cropping system.

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Green manures in agriculture: A review

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of rice-establishment methods and nutrient management on productivity, profitability and soil health under rice (Oryza sativa)–groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) cropping system

Effect of rice-establishment methods and nutrient management on productivity, profitability and soil health under rice (Oryza sativa)–groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) cropping system

Revitalizing Agriculture: Role of Cow Dung and Urine in Promoting Sustainability

Direct and Residual Effect of Nutrient Management and Rice Establishment Methods on Productivity, Profitability, Nutrient Uptake and Resource Use Efficiency in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)-Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cropping System

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