Green Deal and Circular Economy of Bottom Ash Waste Management in Building Industry—Alkali (NaOH) Pre-Treatment

Poranek, Nikolina; Łaźniewska-Piekarczyk, Beata; Lombardi, Lidia; Czajkowski, Adrian; Bogacka, Magdalena; Pikoń, Krzysztof

doi:10.3390/ma15103487

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Due to the imposition of municipal waste recycling levels and the limitation of landfilling, the EU authorities referred to the incinerator element of the waste management system. Regarding the installation of thermal waste conversion, the suggestions included in the studies of the Circular Economy program concern the role of the incinerator as a device neutralizing waste, the material recovery of which is practically impossible [13][14][15], and the storage of which is prohibited in accordance with [16]. Basically, the place of the thermal installation in the waste management hierarchy has remained unchanged, but the waste stream directed to it will potentially decrease, although this largely depends on the waste management strategy in force in a given country, as well as the type of waste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Performance of a Hazardous Waste Incineration Facility through the Usage of a Dedicated Application

Jaworski,

Wajda,

Jaworska-Bytomska

2024

Sustainability

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Thermal transformation of waste carried out in a rotary kiln is a complex process, usually involving hazardous waste. Due to the great diversity of these wastes and their specific properties, the process of their thermal transformation may be associated with various types of operational problems. The reasons for their occurrence include, among others, processes potentially affecting the deterioration of the condition of the rotary kiln lining. In order to minimize problems, a tool is proposed to support the work of incineration plant operators. This is an application that enables generation of input material portions in subsequent kiln feeds. It is characterized by wide functionality, including the ability to assign higher weights to selected parameters. The application is based on an algorithm that takes into account the key waste parameters from the point of view of the thermal process, which have been given specific value ranges. Two series of simulations were performed with the same assumptions except for change in the weight for one of the parameters in the second case. In the first series, the following ranges of the considered parameters were obtained: calorific value 14.96–20.66 MJ/kg, pH 5.59–8.11, content of alkaline salts 1.42–7.39, content of chlorine 1.1–3.83, content of halogens 0.08–0.97. In the second series of simulations, the favored parameter was the calorific value, which ranged from 17.08 MJ/kg to 18.69 MJ/kg. The range of values for the remaining parameters changed slightly, with all meeting the criteria. Application tests showed the generation of waste mixtures with parameters consistent with the established ranges.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Performance of a Hazardous Waste Incineration Facility through the Usage of a Dedicated Application

Jaworski,

Wajda,

Jaworska-Bytomska

2024

Sustainability

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“…The consistent goal of the circular economy (CE) adopted by the European Union [1,2] and the Sustainable Development Goals adopted by the United Nations [3] is to protect the natural environment and extend the life cycle of materials and products [4], especially SDG12 and SDG13. SDG12 aims to ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raw and Pre-Treated Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) Dust as a Partial Replacement for Natural Sand in Mortars

Pikoń,

Poranek,

Marczak

et al. 2024

Materials

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The circular economy (CE) is widely known for its emphasis on reducing waste and maximizing the use of resources by reusing, recycling, and repurposing materials to create a sustainable and efficient system. The CE is based on 3R—reuse, reduce, and recycle. The aim of this article is to use styrene butadiene rubber dust (SBR) in building material, constituting secondary waste in the production of SBR, which is currently disposed of as landfill. SBR is partly intended to replace the natural raw material sand. The purpose of the final material is to use it for its light weight, insulating properties, or ability to absorb vibrations and sounds. Various shares of SBR dust in mortars were tested. Some of the mortars used SBR thermal pre-treatment at temperatures of 200, 275, and 350 °C. The strength and SEM results are presented. The best pre-treatment for SBR dust is thermal treatment at 275 °C. The maximum usage of rubber dust with thermal treatment is 60% as a sand substitute. The novel finding of this study is the possibility to use more than 30% rubber dust (as a substitute for sand) thanks to pre-treatment, whereby 30% is a common maximum ratio in mortars.

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“…This applies primarily to medical waste. Despite the currently observed phenomenon of reducing thermal treatment methods in waste management, related, among others, to the introduction of the idea of a circular economy [ 6 , 7 ], for some hazardous waste, there are currently no methods that allow for their safe management other than incineration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Flow Parameters of Waste Motion in a Rotary Kiln with the Use of the Tracer Method

Jaworski

Wajda²

2023

Sensors

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The motion of input material in a rotary kiln is an important aspect of its operation. This can be observed especially in the case of the implementation of the hazardous waste incineration process in this device. The values of the flow parameters, mainly the residence time and the degree of mixing, can determine the proper and safe treatment of waste. The relationships that occur in the layer of solid material in a rotary kiln have not been completely recognized. This article presents a research method that involves an experiment on a laboratory stand simulating a rotary kiln in association with a dedicated algorithm. Multi-criteria tests were carried out. The adopted research method was the tracer method. It used a tracer which, subject to the same transport conditions as other material particles, provided information on the characteristic of the motion of tested materials in the rotating cylinder. The application based on the residence time distribution (RTD) algorithm returned information about the characteristics of the motion of the material in the rotary cylinder in terms of residence time distribution and the degree of mixing. This tracer method, together with stimulus impulses on the grate and a dedicated RTD algorithm, was used here as a sensor method to examine the characteristics of material motion on various grate systems. The data obtained as a result of this research may include, among others, the boundary conditions for numerical simulations of processes carried out in a rotary kiln.

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Green Deal and Circular Economy of Bottom Ash Waste Management in Building Industry—Alkali (NaOH) Pre-Treatment

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Enhancing the Performance of a Hazardous Waste Incineration Facility through the Usage of a Dedicated Application

Enhancing the Performance of a Hazardous Waste Incineration Facility through the Usage of a Dedicated Application

Raw and Pre-Treated Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) Dust as a Partial Replacement for Natural Sand in Mortars

Research on the Flow Parameters of Waste Motion in a Rotary Kiln with the Use of the Tracer Method

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