Graphitic carbon-rich oil fly ash as effective reinforcements to enhance the mechanical, thermal, and radiation shielding properties of high-grade epoxy polymer

Saeed, Abdu; Alaqab, Ali; Banoqitah, Essam; Damoom, Mohammed M.; Salah, Numan

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2022.107739

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Furthermore, a nanoindentation test was carried out using a nanoindentation machine, model NanoTest Vantage (Micro Materials Ltd, UK). The nanoindentation was carried out based on the published work, 33 where the load-depth curve and hardness were obtained.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epoxy Flooring/Oil Fly Ash as a Multifunctional Composite with Enhanced Mechanical Performance for Neutron Shielding and Chemical-Resistance Applications

et al. 2022

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Heavy-oil fly ash (HOFA) is a graphitic carbon powder extracted in vast amounts as a waste material from burning crude oil in power plants. This HOFA has attractive structural properties besides its high amount of pure carbon (∼90 wt %). This powder exists in spherical, highly porous micron-sized particles, which implies its great potential as a mechanical reinforcement for different polymers. In this work, HOFA has been utilized to enhance the mechanical properties of epoxy flooring at HOFA weight fractions of 0, 1, 1.6, and 3.2 wt %. The obtained results revealed that the prepared epoxy-flooring/ HOFA composites at a HOFA content of 1.6 wt % showed significant mechanical improvements compared with the pristine polymer. The tensile strength and Young's module values were enhanced by ∼17 and 11%, respectively. Furthermore, the neutron-shielding performance was investigated. The composite with 1.6 wt % showed better neutron attenuation and lower transmittance than the pristine epoxy. The chemical resistance was also extensively studied against sodium hydroxide, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid. The changes in morphology, chemical elements, mass, volume, and molecular structures were investigated rigorously for pristine epoxy and its composite with HOFA at 1.6 wt %. After exposure to these chemicals for 21 days, the tested properties of the epoxy-flooring/HOFA composite showed better chemical resistance than that of the pristine epoxy. Where the epoxy-flooring/ HOFA composite showed a surface with low cracks and blistering, it showed lesser changes in mass and volume and fewer molecular structure changes. These results indicated that it is possible to use this multifunctional composite for several applications, including the petrochemical industry, radiation shielding, construction, and automobiles.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heavy-oil fly ash (HOFA) is a black waste material extracted in vast amounts as a waste material from the burning of crude oil in power plants. , It contains a high ratio of carbon . It has been used in different applications such as asphalt, , lubricants, filler materials in polymers, − and cement industries .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxy Flooring/Oil Fly Ash as a Multifunctional Composite with Enhanced Mechanical Performance for Neutron Shielding and Chemical-Resistance Applications

et al. 2022

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“…Because radiation leakage from nuclear reactors or sources can cause serious environmental and human damage, the development of radiation‐resistant materials has been critical since the first day of use of this technology. Nowadays, cheaper, light, and easy‐to‐process materials, such as polymer/polymer composites, are preferred over traditional materials, such as ceramics and heavy metals 12,13 . Neutron radiation, which is one of the two important nuclear radiations, is frequently exposed to people such as healthcare workers, patients, aircraft crews, and nuclear power plant workers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, cheaper, light, and easy-to-process materials, such as polymer/polymer composites, are preferred over traditional materials, such as ceramics and heavy metals. 12,13 Neutron radiation, which is one of the two important nuclear radiations, is frequently exposed to people such as healthcare workers, patients, aircraft crews, and nuclear power plant workers. When neutrons interact with biological systems for a long time, they produce ions that are harmful to health and easily pass through tissues, causing leukemia, cancer, neurological diseases, and eye diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of novel boron containing nanocomposites with neutron radiation shielding properties

Saltan,

Şirin,

Aydin

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

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PVA/PEO/PVP‐B4C and PVA/PEO/PVP‐BN polymer nanocomposites were prepared using boron nitrite (BN), boron carbide (B4C), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene oxide (PEO). B4C and BN nanopowders were added to the mixture at three different percentages: 5%, 10%, and 20%. Thermal characterization was performed by differential scanning calorimetry, differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry. Scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction were used for surface analysis and crystal structure characterization. The atomic distribution was determined by elemental analysis. Neutron shielding properties were performed at three different gamma peak areas, 1293.56 keV, 1097.33 keV, 416.86 keV, and calculated total macroscopic cross‐section ΣT and half‐value layer. The ΣT values were found to be in the range of 7.99–14.37 for all synthesized composites. B4C‐doped composites show higher protection efficiency against slow thermal neutrons than BN‐doped samples.Highlights Poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(ethylene oxide)/polyvinylpyrrolidone composites containing boron nanoparticles are flexible and workable. Nanocomposites were prepared with a simple, cheap, and fast method. Prepared boron nanocomposites exhibit slow thermal neutron stopping even at 3 mm thickness. PVA90/PEO5/PVP5‐BN and PVA90/PEO5/PVP5‐B4C composites are good candidates for demanding military applications such as vehicle and body armor.

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“…In the same year (2022), Saeed et al studied the performance of heavy oil fly ash (HOFA) in epoxy for identifying mechanical, thermal, and radiation shielding properties. Their outcomes proved the likelihood of strengthening the epoxy resin’s thermal, mechanical, and radiation shielding properties, and that using the addition of the leftover heavy oil fly ash (HOFA) into the epoxy has a valued impact on construction, piping, and automobiles [ 24 ]. In 2017, Pande et al found out that the incorporation of red mud into the polymer matrix markedly upgraded the shielding efficacy of the polymer matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developed a New Radiation Shielding Absorber Composed of Waste Marble, Polyester, PbCO3, and CdO to Reduce Waste Marble Considering Environmental Safety

et al. 2022

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The usage of radiation is mandatory for modern life; in the same manner, controlling the outflow of harmful radiation is vital and could be achieved via employing a shielding material to eliminate any potential nuclear and radiation accidents and incidents. Considering this point, this study aims to manufacture composite samples based on waste marble as novel radiation shields. The physical and radiation shielding ability of the prepared shields were determined and analyzed. For this purpose, a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector was used to detect the incoming photons emitted from three point sources (Am-241, Cs-137, and Co-60). The radiation attenuation factors for the new marble-based composites were measured for some energies, ranging from 0.06 to 1.333 MeV. We examined the effect of increasing the PbCO3 and CdO contents on the physical properties and radiation attenuation factors of the newly developed radiation shielding absorber. We found that the density of the samples increases from 1.784 to 1.796 g/cm3 when the CdO changes from 0 to 12.5 wt%. The linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) for all marble compositions has the maximum value at 0.06 MeV, while the LAC decreases with increasing energy. The highest LAC was found for Marb-3, with a composition of waste marble (50 wt%), polyester (25 wt%), PbCO3 (17.5 wt%), and CdO (7.5 wt%). We studied the impact of the addition of CdO on the expense of PbCO3 and we found that the half value layer (HVL) decreases with increasing the CdO content. Hence, when there is no space problem, the newly developed radiation shielding absorber can be used to maintain the cost effectiveness and environmentally friendliness of products.

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Graphitic carbon-rich oil fly ash as effective reinforcements to enhance the mechanical, thermal, and radiation shielding properties of high-grade epoxy polymer

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Epoxy Flooring/Oil Fly Ash as a Multifunctional Composite with Enhanced Mechanical Performance for Neutron Shielding and Chemical-Resistance Applications

Epoxy Flooring/Oil Fly Ash as a Multifunctional Composite with Enhanced Mechanical Performance for Neutron Shielding and Chemical-Resistance Applications

Preparation and characterization of novel boron containing nanocomposites with neutron radiation shielding properties

Developed a New Radiation Shielding Absorber Composed of Waste Marble, Polyester, PbCO3, and CdO to Reduce Waste Marble Considering Environmental Safety

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