Graphitic carbon nitride: Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic decomposition of nitrous oxide

Praus, Petr; Svoboda, Ladislav; Ritz, Michal; Troppová, Ivana; Šihor, Marcel; Kočí, Kamila

doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2017.03.008

Cited by 130 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The medium band at 804 cm −1 can be attributed to the breathing mode of triazine units. All these spectra are typical for graphitic carbon nitride and their explanation can be found elsewhere, for example, in the works of [53][54][55][56]. Probably because of the low degree of derivatization, no significant differences between the FTIR-ATR spectra of CN and ExCN and Mes-CN and Mes-ExCN were observed.…”

Section: Ftir-atr Spectrometrysupporting

confidence: 57%

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Post-Synthetic Derivatization of Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Methanesulfonyl Chloride: Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalysis

et al. 2020

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Bulk graphitic carbon nitride (CN) was synthetized by heating of melamine at 550 °C, and the exfoliated CN (ExCN) was prepared by heating of CN at 500 °C. Sulfur-doped CN was synthesized by heating of thiourea (S-CN) and by a novel procedure based on the post-synthetic derivatization of CN with methanesulfonyl (CH3SO2−) chloride (Mes-CN and Mes-ExCN). The obtained nanomaterials were investigated by common characterization methods and their photocatalytic activity was tested by means of the decomposition of acetic orange 7 (AO7) under ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation. The content of sulfur in the modified CN decreased in the sequence of Mes-ExCN > Mes-CN > S-CN. The absorption of light decreased in the opposite manner, but no influence on the band gap energies was observed. The methanesulfonyl (mesyl) groups connected to primary and secondary amine groups were confirmed by high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The photocatalytic activity decreased in the sequence of Mes-ExCN > ExCN > CN ≈ Mes-CN > S-CN. The highest activity of Mes-ExCN and ExCN was explained by the highest amounts of adsorbed Acetic Orange 7 (AO7). In addition, in the case of Mes-ExCN, chloride ions incorporated in the CN lattice enhanced the photocatalytic activity as well.

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Section: Ftir-atr Spectrometrysupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Ftir-atr Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 69%

Post-Synthetic Derivatization of Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Methanesulfonyl Chloride: Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalysis

et al. 2020

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“…They contained the typical bands within the areas A and B. The spectral bands in the area A are being attributed to the stretching vibrations of N-H bonds [ 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ] and the bands in the area B are ascribed to the stretching vibrations of C=N and C-N bonds of heterocyclic rings. In addition, no C=O stretching vibrations typically located around 1700 cm −1 were observed likely due to their low content and/or overlap with the GCN stretching ones.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Hydrogen Peroxide

et al. 2020

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Graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) was synthetized by heating melamine and then it was thermally exfoliated for 1–3 h in air. Both bulk and exfoliated GCN nanomaterials were treated in the 10–30% aqueous solutions of H2O2 for us to study their modification. The light absorption properties were observed by the reddish color and the red-shifts of their UV-Vis spectra. The content of oxygen increased and hydrogen peroxide was supposed to partially oxidize C-OH groups to C=O ones and to form C-O-C groups instead of edge C-NH-C ones. The GCN structure changes were not observed. However, a surface modification of the GCN materials was recognized by their changed photocatalytic activities tested by means of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) and Rhodamines B (RhB), zeta-potentials, and neutralization titration curves.

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“…The band gap was determined by plotting (KM * hν) 0.5 vs. hν. It is worth noting that thermally exfoliated g-C3N4 always consists of more exfoliated nanosheets, with a small amount of bulk-like g-C3N4 residuals [91]. Due to the use of the dip-coating technique, the lighter exfoliated g-C3N4 material is easily fixed to the surface of the PUR fabric, while the less exfoliated bulk-like material remains at the bottom of the Petri dish, and thus the modified fabric contains mostly better exfoliated g-C3N4.…”

Section: Uv-vis Drs and Photoluminescence Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Uv-vis Drs and Photoluminescence Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Performance of Novel Self-Cleaning g-C3N4/PMMA/PUR Membranes

et al. 2020

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In the majority of photocatalytic applications, the photocatalyst is dispersed as a suspension of nanoparticles. The suspension provides a higher surface for the photocatalytic reaction in respect to immobilized photocatalysts. However, this implies that recovery of the particles by filtration or centrifugation is needed to collect and regenerate the photocatalyst. This complicates the regeneration process and, at the same time, leads to material loss and potential toxicity. In this work, a new nanofibrous membrane, g-C 3 N 4 /PMMA/PUR, was prepared by the fixation of exfoliated g-C 3 N 4 to polyurethane nanofibers using thin layers of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The optimal amount of PMMA was determined by measuring the adsorption and photocatalytic properties of g-C 3 N 4 /PMMA/PUR membranes (with a different PMMA content) in an aqueous solution of methylene blue. It was found that the prepared membranes were able to effectively adsorb and decompose methylene blue. On top of that, the membranes evinced a self-cleaning behavior, showing no coloration on their surfaces after contact with methylene blue, unlike in the case of unmodified fabric. After further treatment with H 2 O 2 , no decrease in photocatalytic activity was observed, indicating that the prepared membrane can also be easily regenerated. This study promises possibilities for the production of photocatalytic membranes and fabrics for both chemical and biological contaminant control.Polymers 2020, 12, 850 2 of 20 aqueous solutions [11][12][13][14]. Adsorption by activated carbon is the most used method of dye removal due to good removal efficiency of a wide variety of dyes. Performance is dependent on the type of carbon used and the characteristics of the wastewater. The removal rate can be improved using massive doses of activated carbon. However, the re-use of regenerated activated carbon results in a steep reduction in adsorption capacity and the efficiency of dye removal becomes unpredictable and dependent on massive doses of such re-used activated carbon. Activated carbon is also very expensive and its reactivation results in 10%-15% loss of the sorbent [15][16][17].A promising method in order to overcome issues such as limited sorption capacity and regeneration is the use of materials with photocatalytic activity. Carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) is a metal-free organic semiconductor. This material is an attractive candidate in the field of photocatalysis due to its chemical stability, non-toxicity, straightforward preparation procedure and ability to absorb light efficiently in the visible range due to a narrow band gap (2.7 eV) [18][19][20]. g-C 3 N 4 has been used in photocatalytic applications such as water splitting [21,22], the photocatalytic degradation of air pollutants, such as NOx [23,24], water pollutants such as the dyes, rhodamine B [25][26][27], methyl orange [28], and methylene blue [29][30][31], and other industrial pollutants such as antibiotics [32] or phenols [33][34][35]. In recent years, g-C 3 N 4 was also successfully tes...

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Graphitic carbon nitride: Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic decomposition of nitrous oxide

Cited by 130 publications

References 34 publications

Post-Synthetic Derivatization of Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Methanesulfonyl Chloride: Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalysis

Post-Synthetic Derivatization of Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Methanesulfonyl Chloride: Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalysis

Modification of Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Hydrogen Peroxide

Design and Performance of Novel Self-Cleaning g-C3N4/PMMA/PUR Membranes

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