Graphitic Carbon Nitride Based Materials Towards Photoproduction of H₂O₂

Abstract

Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) can be considered as one of the world's indispensable chemicals. However, the synthetic process can prompt several severe environmental and human health issues. However, solar H 2 O 2 production may provide opportunities to mitigate such issues. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) has emerged as one promising material for photocatalytic applications due to its unique properties. Although tremendous efforts in engineering g-C 3 N 4 have been proposed to improve catalytic results, the materials obtained still have some issues.Additionally, the mechanisms behind the production of H 2 O 2 by using such materials are not yet fully understood. Herein, we conducted a literature survey reviewing the production of H 2 O 2 using g-C 3 N 4 -based materials. The essential aspects of and current challenges in photocatalytic H 2 O 2 generation are discussed, which may provide insight for researchers to overcome barriers and develop sustainable methods for H 2 O 2 production.

Revisiting the roles of dopants in g-C3N4nanostructures for piezo-photocatalytic production of H2O2: a case study of selenium and sulfur

“…9 Many methods were used to modify the materials to overcome these challenges, such as doping, heterojunction structures, and functionalization. 10 Since doping is the simplest way to regulate the electronic structures of g-C 3 N 4 , accelerating catalytic performances, this technique has been globally studied with various dopants ranging from metallic to nonmetallic elements. [11][12][13] In the periodic table, sulfur (S) and selenium (Se) are placed in the same column because they exhibit similar physicochemical properties.…”

“…Thereby, $O 2 − and 1 O 2 would critically contribute as central intermediates in the reaction to generate the nal products. O 2 + e − / $O 2 − (8) $O 2 − + 2H + + e − / H 2 O 2 (H 2 O 2(10)…”

Nitrogen‐rich graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N5): Emerging low‐bandgap materials for photocatalysis

“…Besides that, the doping Reproduced with permission: Copyright 2014, American Chemical Society. [14] efficiency, in general, is still low and uncontrollable, indicating the obstacles in modulating large-bandgap materials due to the waste of significant precursors' amount. The other method for boosting the catalytic activities of g-C 3 N 4 is using cocatalysts.…”

S-Scheme Heterostructured CdS/g-C3N4 Nanocatalysts for Piezo-Photocatalytic Synthesis of H2O2

“…Additionally, the explosive risks of highly concentrated H 2 O 2 , necessitating further dilution prior to transportation, motivate the on-site production of this compound. Thus, light-driven synthesis of H 2 O 2 has emerged as a promising star in this scenario to solve the long-term problem. , …”

“…Thus, lightdriven synthesis of H 2 O 2 has emerged as a promising star in this scenario to solve the long-term problem. 4,5 Apart from traditional metal oxides, metal sulfides have been growingly evaluated for their catalytic abilities, with many positive results reported in the literature. In this direction, CdS has been taken into account as a typical candidate for photocatalytic studies due to the narrow band gap energy, helping to drive redox reactions under visible-light irradiation effectively.…”